Pulsed Power Amplifier Bias Control Using Quiescent Current Feedback

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Solution Overview

Problem

Pulsed power amplifiers in remote sensing systems, such as radar and sonar, face challenges in efficiently setting and maintaining the bias point, leading to energy wastage and heat issues due to fluctuating bias and operating signals, which affects efficiency and reliability.

Innovation Solution

An automatic bias control system that measures the current in the power amplifier, compares it to a desired quiescent value, and adjusts the gate-bias using a pulse width modulator, enabling precise timing of the bias pulse to minimize power dissipation and ensure consistent amplification.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If quiescent bias is applied between pulses in pulsed amplifiers, then the amplifier can maintain proper bias level, but energy is wasted and device heats up

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebias point stabilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The bias signal is applied periodically only during pulse intervals rather than continuously, synchronizing bias application with the pulsed operation to eliminate energy waste during off periods while maintaining proper bias levels when needed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The bias control system dynamically adjusts the bias signal timing and level based on real-time amplifier current measurements, transitioning from static continuous bias to adaptive pulsed bias that responds to actual operating conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Loss of energy

If bias and operating signals are both pulses in pulsed amplifiers, then efficiency improves, but the device currents become fluctuating and difficult to control

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower efficiencyVSAvoidbias control difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously measures amplifier current and feeds this information back to the bias controller, which automatically adjusts the bias pulse parameters to maintain optimal operating point despite the pulsed nature of signals

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The bias control system automatically monitors and adjusts itself based on measured amplifier current, eliminating the need for manual bias setting and compensation for fluctuations

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Device complexity

If manual bias adjustment is used in pulsed amplifiers, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision and control accuracy deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol circuit simplicityVSAvoidbias point accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

Manual mechanical bias adjustment is replaced with an automated electronic control system that uses current measurement and algorithmic processing to precisely control bias, substituting simple mechanics with intelligent electronics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution reduces power consumption, minimizes noise interference, and enhances the reliability and accuracy of pulse amplification, allowing for lower-cost, more compact amplifier designs while maintaining consistent and repeatable performance across varying conditions.

Implementation Method 1

The measurement circuit may include a current transformer coupled to the power amplifier supply, the current transformer configured to convert the measured current to a measured voltage

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3347981B1Automatic bias controller for a pulsed power amplifier
Publication Date: 2022.10.05 TELEDYNE FLIR LLC
  • EP3347981B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3347981B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3347981B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

Systems and methods for automatically controlling the bias in a pulsed power amplifier include components for measuring the current in an amplifier, comparing the measured value with the desired value, modifying the bias, and controlling the bias applied to the power amplifier. A measurement circuit converts the measured current to a voltage, and a comparator compares a measured voltage with a reference voltage to continuously indicate whether the amplifier current is less than a desired quiescent value. A circuit controls the level of the gate-bias (Vg) during a pulse, such as with a pulse width modulator. The measurement of the amplifier current is registered after the bias is enabled, but before the signal pulse. Drive control logic implements a control algorithm for adjusting the gate value in between pulses and in time to be used for the next pulse.