Pulsed-Current Charging Circuit for Lightweight Superconducting Magnets
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional excitation power supplies for superconducting magnets are heavy, bulky, and suffer from significant heat leakage due to large current leads, limiting their efficiency and portability.
Innovation Solution
A charging and field supplement circuit utilizing a pulsed current system, comprising a capacitor charging circuit, energy-storage capacitor, capacitor discharging circuit, superconducting magnetic energy storage circuit, and superconducting persistent-current switch, which reduces the volume and cross-section of the current lead, enabling a lightweight and low-heat excitation power supply.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional excitation power supplies are used for superconducting magnets, then the magnets can be charged and magnetized, but the power supply becomes heavy and bulky with significant heat leakage due to large current leads
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic pulsed current charging instead of continuous current supply. The capacitor charges during off-periods and discharges pulsed current during on-periods, enabling magnetization while reducing the size of current leads and overall power supply weight.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the energy storage function into a separate capacitor component, allowing the main power supply to be smaller and lighter. The capacitor acts as an independent energy reservoir that can be recharged periodically, separating the functions of energy storage and power delivery.
2Reliability
If traditional excitation power supplies are used for superconducting magnets, then the magnets can be charged and magnetized, but the current leads suffer serious heat leakage
Solution Approach 1:
By using periodic pulsed current instead of continuous current, the current leads are only active during short discharge intervals. This reduces the thermal load on the leads, minimizing heat leakage from the cold to warm regions while maintaining effective magnetization capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The capacitor is pre-charged to the required voltage level before discharge. This preliminary energy storage allows the actual charging of the magnet to occur in brief pulses, reducing the duration of heat-generating current flow through the leads.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively miniaturizes the power supply and reduces heat leakage, providing a portable and efficient excitation power supply for superconducting magnets by optimizing the charging and magnetization process.
Implementation Method 1
an energy-storage capacitor; a capacitor charging circuit
Implementation Method 2
a capacitor discharging circuit; a lower temperature boundary of the charging and field supplement circuit is located between the energy-storage capacitor and the capacitor charging circuit
Implementation Method 3
a superconducting magnetic energy storage circuit; two output ends of the superconducting persistent-current switch are configured to charge and magnetize a target superconducting magnet
Implementation Method 4
a superconducting persistent-current switch; The charging and field supplement circuit provided herein greatly reduces the volume of the charging device and the cross-section of the current lead
Data Source
AI summary
A charging and field supplement circuit for superconducting magnets based on a pulsed current includes a capacitor charging circuit, an energy-storage capacitor, a capacitor discharging circuit, a superconducting magnetic energy storage circuit, and a superconducting persistent-current switch. Two output ends of the capacitor charging circuit are respectively connected to two ends of the energy-storage capacitor. Two input ends of the capacitor discharging circuit are respectively connected to the two ends of the energy-storage capacitor. Two output ends of the capacitor discharging circuit are respectively connected to two input ends of the superconducting magnetic energy storage circuit. Two output ends of the superconducting magnetic energy storage circuit are respectively connected to two input ends of the superconducting persistent-current switch. Two output ends of the superconducting persistent-current switch are configured to charge and magnetize a target superconducting magnet.