Pump Assembly with External Heating Element to Reduce Calcium Scaling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Household appliance pumps face inefficiencies in heating liquid recirculation, particularly due to calcium precipitation and scaling issues at heating elements, which affect heat transfer and appliance performance.

Innovation Solution

A pump assembly design featuring a motor, impeller, and housing with a heating element positioned on the exterior of the housing, utilizing convolutions to increase the heat transfer area and reduce watt density, thereby minimizing calcium precipitation and enhancing heat transfer efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a heating element is provided on the casing for heating the liquid within the liquid chamber, then the liquid can be heated, but calcium precipitation and scaling occur at the heating element

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliquid heatingVSAvoidcalcium precipitation and scaling
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The heating element is moved from the interior liquid chamber to the exterior of the pump housing, changing the spatial dimension of heat application. This external positioning prevents direct contact between the heating element and the liquid, thereby eliminating calcium precipitation and scaling while still enabling liquid heating through thermal conduction via the housing walls.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The pump housing acts as an intermediary thermal conductor between the externally mounted heating element and the liquid. Heat is transferred from the heating element through the housing walls into the liquid chamber, allowing indirect heating that avoids the harmful effects of direct heating element contact with the liquid.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Loss of energy

If the heating element is positioned inside the liquid chamber, then heat transfer is direct, but scaling reduces heat transfer efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat transfer efficiencyVSAvoidscaling
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The heating element is extracted from the liquid chamber environment and repositioned on the exterior of the pump housing. This removal eliminates the scaling problem that would otherwise accumulate on the heating element surface and reduce heat transfer efficiency, while the housing walls serve as the new heat transfer interface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Device complexity

If a conventional heating element design is used, then the structure is simple, but heat transfer area is limited and watt density is high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating element structureVSAvoidheat transfer area
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The heating element is repositioned on the exterior surface of the pump housing, utilizing the external surface area as the heat transfer interface. This dimensional change allows the heating element to access a larger effective heat transfer area through the housing walls, reducing watt density while maintaining structural simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design effectively reduces calcium precipitation and scaling by distributing heat over a larger surface area, increasing heat transfer efficiency and reducing the risk of scaling through thermal expansion and contraction.

Implementation Method 1

heat generated by the heating element is conducted into the volute chamber through the plurality of convolutions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

reducing the risk of scaling through thermal expansion and contraction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion and contraction: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP2821654B1Pump assemblies for household appliances
Publication Date: 2021.02.17 WHIRLPOOL CORP
  • EP2821654B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2821654B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2821654B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A pump assembly (10) includes a motor (16) and a pump, with the motor having an output shaft (18) that extends into a volute chamber (24) defined by a housing of the pump. An impeller (26) may be mounted to the end of the output shaft. A heating element (14) maybe located within a projection formed in an end of the housing and defines a heat transfer area confronting the volute chamber, wherein heat generated by the heating element may be conducted into the volute chamber.