Electromagnetic Pump Compensation Power Supply Apparatus
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electromagnetic pumps in fast reactors face challenges with low power factor and require complex power equipment designs due to their extreme inductive load nature, making them economically disadvantageous and requiring additional safety measures for reliable operation during plant trips or loss of offsite power.
Innovation Solution
An electromagnetic pump compensation power supply apparatus with a rotor shaft, flywheel, rotating rectifier, and winding type synchronous machine that converts AC power to DC and back, utilizing an exciter stator permanent magnet to switch between excited and non-excited states for reactive power compensation, improving the power factor and providing a required electric power output characteristic without external control.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If electromagnetic pump is used as coolant circulation pump in fast reactor, then flow rate can be easily and linearly adjusted and coolant can be kept in completely sealed state, but power factor becomes about 0.5 which is smaller than conventional mechanical pump
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the electromagnetic pump with a synchronous machine to form an integrated system. The synchronous machine serves dual purposes: it acts as a power factor correction device during normal operation and as an energy storage device during emergencies. This merging eliminates the need for separate power factor correction equipment and energy storage systems, resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and power factor reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The synchronous machine is designed to perform multiple functions: power factor correction during normal operation and emergency energy storage during plant trips or loss of offsite power. This multi-functionality allows the system to maintain high power factor while also ensuring reliable operation during abnormal conditions, directly addressing the contradiction identified.
2Power
If electromagnetic pump is used as pump requiring large capacity such as coolant circulation pump of fast reactor, then driving power supply capacity becomes massive, but power factor correction means can be provided to compensate reactive power
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the power factor correction function into the synchronous machine that is already part of the electromagnetic pump system. This integration eliminates the need for separate power factor correction equipment, thereby simplifying power equipment layout and reducing device complexity while maintaining the required driving power supply capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
The synchronous machine is designed to perform both power factor correction and emergency energy storage functions, eliminating the need for multiple separate devices. This multi-functionality reduces the overall complexity of power equipment while providing the necessary massive driving power supply capacity for large capacity electromagnetic pumps.
3Ease of repair
If electromagnetic pump has no rotating parts and no mechanical inertia, then electromagnetic pump is easy to maintain and repair, but additional energy storage means needs to be separately prepared to ensure attenuating output characteristic during flow coast down operation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the energy storage function with the synchronous machine, which is already an integral part of the electromagnetic pump system. The flywheel attached to the synchronous machine's rotor shaft provides mechanical inertia and energy storage without adding separate complex energy storage systems, thus maintaining ease of repair while providing necessary energy storage capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The synchronous machine is designed to serve multiple purposes: power factor correction during normal operation and emergency energy storage during flow coast down operation. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separately prepared energy storage means, maintaining simplicity and ease of repair while ensuring the required attenuating output characteristic during emergencies.
4Reliability
If control circuit is used for electromagnetic pump compensation power supply apparatus to obtain safety functions, then reliability can be improved, but control circuit needs to be diversified, multiplexed, or made redundant which increases complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The synchronous machine with flywheel is designed to automatically provide energy storage and power factor correction functions without requiring complex external control circuits. The system self-regulates during normal operation and automatically activates during emergencies, achieving high reliability through inherent design rather than complex control logic, thus reducing device complexity while maintaining safety functions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides a highly reliable electromagnetic pump system capable of reactive power compensation, improving the low power factor and ensuring a required electric power output characteristic during normal operation and abnormal conditions, such as plant trips, without the need for external control circuits, thus enhancing safety and reducing equipment size.
Implementation Method 1
a flywheel that stores rotation energy and is fixed to the rotor shaft
Implementation Method 2
an exciter rotor winding that is fixed to the rotor shaft; a rotating rectifier that is fixed to the rotor shaft, and converts alternate current generated on the exciter rotor winding into direct current
Implementation Method 3
a winding type synchronous machine rotor winding that is fixed to the rotor shaft, and receives direct current supplied from the rotating rectifier; a winding type synchronous machine stator winding that is fixed in a stationary manner so as to face the winding type synchronous machine rotor winding, constitutes a winding type synchronous machine along with the winding type synchronous machine rotor winding, and converts rotational energy into electrical energy and electrical energy into rotational energy
Implementation Method 4
the electromagnetic pump is designed to transport the metal sodium coolant based on the principle that the electromagnetic pump receives a force in proportion to a magnetic field strength thereof in a direction perpendicular thereto when the electromagnetic pump through which a current flows is placed in a magnetic field
Data Source
AI summary
Provided, in parallel to an electromagnetic pump in a power supply system, is an electromagnetic pump compensation power supply mechanism (10) that will perform a power-factor improving function as a synchronous machine during normal operation of a plant. The electromagnetic pump compensation power supply mechanism (10) is provided with an exciter stator permanent magnetic apparatus (45) that can switch an exciter between a non-excited state and an excited state. The exciter stator permanent magnet apparatus (45) comprises exciter stator permanent magnets (15a), springs (16) that apply force to the exciter stator permanent magnets (15a) towards positions facing an exciter rotor winding (15b), and electromagnetic solenoids (20) that make the exciter stator permanent magnets (15a) move to positions not facing the exciter rotor winding (15b) in resistance to the force applied by the springs (16).