Puncture Needle Synchronization with Heart Rhythm for Pericardial Access
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Solution Overview
Problem
Piercing the pericardium with a puncture needle while avoiding contact with the cardiac muscle is challenging due to the small distance between the pericardium and cardiac muscle during heart expansion, especially since the pericardium is difficult to visualize under X-ray observation.
Innovation Solution
A medical device with a puncture needle and a tubular protection member that synchronizes movement with the heart's pulse information, retracting the needle tip during heart expansion and projecting it during contraction to ensure precise piercing of the pericardium without contacting the cardiac muscle.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the puncture needle is inserted to pierce the pericardium while the heart is beating, then the piercing procedure can be performed, but the tip of the puncture needle may contact the cardiac muscle when the heart expands
Solution Approach 1:
The puncture needle is made movable relative to the protection member, allowing its position to be dynamically adjusted. The driving unit changes the relative position between the puncture needle and protection member based on real-time pulse information, enabling the needle to move away from the cardiac muscle when the heart expands and approach when the heart contracts, thus avoiding contact while maintaining piercing capability
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates a pulse-information acquisition portion that continuously monitors the pulse of the pulsating tissue and provides feedback to the control unit. This feedback loop enables the driving unit to adjust the relative position of the puncture needle and protection member in real-time according to the heart's expansion and contraction cycles, ensuring the needle does not contact the cardiac muscle
2Ease of operation
If the puncture needle is kept projected to ensure piercing capability, then piercing can be performed, but the needle tip cannot be protected from contacting pulsating tissue
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the projection state of the puncture needle based on real-time pulse information. The needle can be projected when piercing is needed and retracted when the heart expands, providing both piercing capability and protection from contact with pulsating tissue through active position control
Solution Approach 2:
The driving unit periodically adjusts the relative position between the puncture needle and protection member in synchronization with the heart's rhythmic expansion and contraction. This periodic action ensures the needle is projected during contraction phases for piercing and retracted during expansion phases to avoid contact
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the puncture needle is retracted to protect from contact with cardiac muscle, then safety is improved, but piercing capability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system maintains dynamic controllability of the puncture needle position. When piercing is required, the driving unit projects the needle by changing its relative position to the protection member, restoring full piercing capability while maintaining the ability to retract for safety when needed
4Productivity
If the pericardium is pierced during heart expansion when distance is small, then the procedure can be completed quickly, but the risk of contacting cardiac muscle increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse-information acquisition portion provides real-time feedback on heart expansion and contraction, enabling the control unit to identify the optimal timing for piercing. The system can quickly execute piercing during contraction phases when the distance is larger, maintaining productivity while minimizing risk through timing-based safety control
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively pierces the pericardium while minimizing contact with the cardiac muscle, enhancing the safety and accuracy of the procedure by utilizing electrocardiographic signals to coordinate the needle's movement with the heart's rhythm.
Implementation Method 1
the pulse-information acquisition portion acquires an electrocardiographic waveform, serving as pulse information
Data Source
AI summary
A medical device is provided. The medical device includes a puncture needle that is inserted into body tissue from outside a body and pierces membranous tissue near pulsating tissue inside the body tissue; a tubular protection member that is disposed on the outer side of the puncture needle; a pulse-information acquisition portion that acquires pulse information of the pulsating tissue; and a driving unit that moves the puncture needle and the protection member relative to each other in synchronization with the pulse information of the pulsating tissue acquired by the pulse-information acquisition portion, in such a manner that a tip of the puncture needle is retracted toward a proximal end from a distal end of the protection member when the pulsating tissue expands and that the tip of the puncture needle is projected farther forward from the distal end of the protection member when the pulsating tissue contracts.