Puncture Needle Single Tube Design Reducing Jet Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional puncture needles for infusing fluids into the brain or spinal cord often form jet flows, risking injury to the central nervous system due to their double pipe structure and linear discharge path, which increases the burden and risk of injury during insertion.
Innovation Solution
A puncture needle with a single tube structure and a discharge path that widens smoothly towards the discharge port, reducing the likelihood of jet flow formation, featuring a frustoconical and columnar design to maintain or increase the cross-sectional area, and a curved front end to minimize tissue injury.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a double pipe structure is used for puncture needle, then the needle can be inserted into the brain, but the burden and risk of injury during insertion increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the inner needle and outer needle into a single integrated needle body. The single tube structure eliminates the complex double pipe configuration while maintaining the functional capability to infuse liquid into the brain, thereby reducing structural complexity and insertion burden.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and eliminates the unnecessary inner needle component from the double pipe structure, retaining only the essential outer needle function. This simplification reduces the burden during insertion while preserving the core functionality of liquid infusion.
2Reliability
If a linear discharge path is used, then the structure is simple, but jet flow forms risking injury to the central nervous system
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a curved discharge path with a frustoconical expansion section instead of a linear path. The curved geometry with gradual expansion reduces liquid flow velocity and prevents jet flow formation, thereby preventing injury to the central nervous system while adding only moderate structural complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the discharge path by introducing a frustoconical expansion section that increases the cross-sectional area gradually. This parameter change from constant diameter to expanding diameter reduces flow velocity and prevents jet flow, improving safety.
3Reliability
If the needle outer diameter is reduced, then the burden on the central nervous system is reduced, but the passage area for liquid flow is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The curved discharge path with frustoconical expansion allows efficient liquid flow despite the small needle diameter by optimizing the flow path geometry, maintaining adequate liquid capacity while keeping the needle thin.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the passage diameter parameter to balance needle thickness and liquid flow capacity, selecting a diameter that minimizes burden while ensuring sufficient flow capability for the intended application.
Data Source
AI summary
The objective of the present invention is for an object discharged from a discharge port to be less liable to form a jet flow, and less liable to cause injury to the central nervous system. A passage 11 for a cell is formed inside a needle body 10 of a puncture needle 1. A discharge port 15 for a cell is formed in a side surface 13b of a front end part 13 of the needle body 10. Furthermore, the needle body is a single tube provided with a passage for an object. Further, a discharge path 14 for a cell, oriented upward from the passage 11 toward the discharge port 15, is formed in the front end part 13. The discharge path 14 comprises a frustoconical part 14a and a columnar part 14b. As a result, the discharge path 14 is formed in such a manner that the surface area of a cross section orthogonal to the upward/downward direction increases smoothly towards the discharge port 15 in at least one part of the discharge path 14, and, in each position in the upward/downward direction, is equal to or greater than the surface area of a cross section in a position closer to the passage 11.