Puncturing Device Oxygen Sensor Venous Arterial Differentiation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods fail to accurately differentiate between venipuncture and arterial puncture during medical procedures, which is crucial to avoid undesirable cannulation of arteries.
Innovation Solution
A puncturing device equipped with an oxygen sensor, such as an electrochemical, optical, or chemical formulation, integrated with a blood-flashback chamber to measure and compare oxygen concentrations in captured blood, or using impedance and pressure sensors to determine if the blood is venous or arterial, thereby indicating the type of puncture.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional puncturing methods are used without oxygen sensing, then the procedure is simple and quick, but the ability to differentiate between venipuncture and arterial puncture is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the oxygen sensor directly with the puncturing device hub, merging the sensing function into the existing device structure. This integration allows differentiation between venous and arterial blood through oxygen concentration measurement while maintaining a relatively compact device configuration, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an oxygen sensor as an intermediary measurement tool that indirectly identifies blood vessel type through oxygen concentration detection. This intermediary approach enables accurate differentiation without requiring direct visual or manual identification methods, thereby improving measurement precision while adding controlled complexity through the sensor integration.
2Reliability
If oxygen sensor is integrated with the hub, then differentiation capability is improved, but the device structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The oxygen sensor is merged with the hub component, allowing the sensor to be positioned at the distal end of the hub where it can directly measure oxygen concentration in the blood sample. This integration improves reliability by providing real-time oxygen data during the puncture procedure while managing device complexity through functional integration rather than separate components.
Solution Approach 2:
The hub component is designed to serve multiple functions: it remains the structural connection point between the needle and driver, and simultaneously houses the oxygen sensor for blood oxygenation detection. This multi-functionality approach enhances reliability through added sensing capability while minimizing the increase in overall device complexity by utilizing the existing hub structure.
3Measurement precision
If blood-flashback chamber is used to capture blood aliquot, then measurement capability is enhanced, but the device becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The blood-flashback chamber is designed to automatically capture and hold a blood aliquot immediately after the needle enters the blood vessel, before the oxygen measurement is performed. This preliminary action of capturing the blood sample ensures that the measurement can be accurately performed on the freshly obtained blood, enhancing measurement precision while the chamber structure remains integrated into the existing hub design.
Solution Approach 2:
The blood-flashback chamber is merged with the hub structure, combining the blood capture function with the existing device architecture. This integration allows the chamber to serve as both a structural component and a blood collection device, enhancing measurement capability through the captured blood aliquot while managing device complexity through functional consolidation rather than adding separate components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate differentiation between venipuncture and arterial puncture, allowing for safe placement of catheters without interfering with blood vessels, thereby reducing the risk of arterial cannulation.
Implementation Method 1
The semipermeable membrane is configured to allow the oxygen in the captured blood to permeate across the semipermeable membrane for electrochemical reduction of the oxygen at the cathode. Reduction of the oxygen at the cathode produces a measurable current proportional to a partial pressure of the oxygen in the captured blood.
Implementation Method 2
The semipermeable membrane is configured to allow the oxygen in the captured blood to permeate across the semipermeable membrane for electrochemical reduction of the oxygen at the cathode.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are puncturing devices and puncturing systems including the puncturing devices. Such puncturing devices and systems include those that sense a difference between venous blood and arterial blood as a function of blood oxygen, impedance, or pressure. As a result, the puncturing devices and systems are able to differentiate between a venipuncture and an arterial puncture. Methods of the puncturing devices and systems for differentiating between a venipuncture and an arterial puncture are also disclosed.