Pupil-Tracked Display Exit Pupil Alignment With Low Latency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing augmented and virtual reality display systems face challenges in efficiently aligning the exit pupil of the display device with the viewer's ocular pupil, leading to optical artifacts and inefficient light utilization, particularly when the viewer's eye moves.
Innovation Solution
A display system that aligns the exit pupil with the ocular pupil by capturing images of the viewer's eye, displaying a negative image on a light source, and modulating light to encode image content, using a spatial light modulator to track and adjust the exit pupil's location in real-time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If the exit pupil location is fixed in the display system, then the system structure is simple, but light utilization efficiency deteriorates when the viewer's eye moves
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic exit pupil tracking by continuously capturing images of the viewer's eye and calculating the pupil position. The system dynamically adjusts the exit pupil location to match the viewer's ocular pupil position in real-time, transforming the static exit pupil into a dynamic one that follows eye movement. This resolves the contradiction by making the system adaptable to eye position changes while maintaining reasonable structural complexity through software-based tracking.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms by capturing eye images, calculating pupil positions, and using this information to adjust the exit pupil location. The system continuously monitors the viewer's eye position and feeds this information back to the display control, enabling real-time optimization of light direction and utilization efficiency without requiring complex mechanical adjustments.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the exit pupil is not aligned with the ocular pupil, then the system operation is simple, but optical artifacts increase and image quality deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-alignment by having the system automatically capture eye images, calculate pupil positions, and adjust the exit pupil location without requiring manual intervention. The display system serves itself by using its own imaging capability to detect eye position and automatically correct alignment, eliminating the need for complex manual alignment procedures while reducing optical artifacts.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces manual mechanical alignment procedures with automated image processing and computational methods. Instead of requiring physical adjustment mechanisms or manual positioning, the system uses software-based eye tracking and digital calculation to achieve precise alignment, substituting mechanical complexity with computational simplicity.
3Productivity
If real-time eye tracking is implemented, then image quality and light utilization improve, but processing resources and latency increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by focusing computational resources on tracking only the critical pupil position within the eye image, rather than processing the entire eye structure in detail. This selective approach captures sufficient information for alignment purposes while minimizing processing overhead and latency, maintaining image quality without excessive computational burden.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances light utilization efficiency, reduces optical artifacts, and allows for a more compact and high-quality image display by ensuring that all light is directed into the viewer's eye, even as their eye moves, while maintaining low latency and processing resources.
Implementation Method 1
providing a display device comprising a light source configured to display an image... Light forming the negative image is modulated to provide image content to the eye of the viewer
Implementation Method 2
modulating light to provide image content to the eye of the viewer... using a spatial light modulator to track and adjust the exit pupil's location in real-time
Data Source
AI summary
A display system aligns the location of its exit pupil with the location of a viewer's pupil by changing the location of the portion of a light source that outputs light. The light source may include an array of pixels that output light, thereby allowing an image to be displayed on the light source. The display system includes a camera that captures image(s) of the eye and negatives of the eye image(s) are displayed by the light source. In the negative image, the dark pupil of the eye is a bright spot which, when displayed by the light source, defines the exit pupil of the display system, such that image content may be presented by modulating the light source. The location of the pupil of the eye may be tracked by capturing the images of the eye.