PV-Direct Membrane Capacitive Deionization for Stable DC Desalination
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing desalination systems face challenges in providing a reliable power supply, especially in saline-alkali land areas, which hinders the transformation of such land into arable land for grain production.
Innovation Solution
A desalination system incorporating a photovoltaic direct-driven membrane capacitive deionization unit, which includes a photovoltaic power collection unit, a power storage unit, a voltage adjustment unit, and a grid-connected control unit, to stabilize and manage power supply efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If AC/DC conversion is used to supply power to membrane capacitive deionization equipment, then the equipment can operate with standard alternating current from municipal grid, but power conversion losses increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of converting AC to DC (the conventional approach), the patent inverts the approach by using DC photovoltaic power directly to drive the membrane capacitive deionization equipment, eliminating the AC/DC conversion step and its associated energy losses
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a DC power supply system (photovoltaic panels) as an intermediary between the power source and the membrane capacitive deionization equipment, eliminating the need for AC/DC conversion and reducing energy losses
2Loss of energy
If photovoltaic DC direct-driven system is implemented, then power conversion losses are reduced, but system complexity increases due to multiple power supply components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the power generation (photovoltaic panels), power storage (batteries), and power consumption (membrane capacitive deionization equipment) into an integrated DC direct-driven system, reducing the number of conversion steps and simplifying the overall system architecture
Solution Approach 2:
The photovoltaic DC power supply system serves multiple functions: generating power during daytime, storing excess power in batteries, and providing direct DC power to the membrane capacitive deionization equipment, eliminating the need for separate AC/DC conversion systems
3Use of energy by moving object
If photovoltaic power supply is used in saline-alkali land areas, then energy savings are achieved, but power supply reliability decreases due to intermittent sunlight
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates battery storage systems in advance to cushion against the intermittency of photovoltaic power generation, ensuring continuous and reliable power supply to the membrane capacitive deionization equipment even when sunlight is unavailable
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the power supply parameters from intermittent AC power to stable DC power with controllable voltage and current, enabling reliable operation of the membrane capacitive deionization equipment regardless of sunlight conditions
4Productivity
If membrane capacitive deionization technology is applied, then desalination efficiency is improved, but initial investment cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses photovoltaic power to directly drive the membrane capacitive deionization equipment, making the system self-sufficient and reducing dependence on external AC power infrastructure, thereby lowering initial investment costs while maintaining high desalination efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system provides stable and reliable direct current power for membrane capacitive deionization, reduces power conversion losses, and enables effective ecological environment restoration and energy savings.
Implementation Method 1
a photovoltaic direct-driven group (also called a photovoltaic group or a photovoltaic system)... a photovoltaic power collection unit (also called a photovoltaic unit or a photovoltaic collection unit)
Implementation Method 2
a power storage unit (also called energy storage)... the power storage unit is connected in parallel with the voltage adjustment unit and located between the photovoltaic power collection unit and the membrane capacitive deionization water purification unit
Implementation Method 3
a voltage adjustment unit... the voltage adjustment unit is located between the photovoltaic power collection unit and the membrane capacitive deionization water purification unit
Implementation Method 4
uses a constant voltage direct current power supply and uses the surface of the charged electrode to adsorb ions and charged particles in the water
Implementation Method 5
Anion/cation exchange membranes are laid on the surface of the positive and negative electrodes to ensure the directional migration and adsorption process of ions
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a desalination system of photovoltaic direct-driven membrane capacitive deionization. The system includes a photovoltaic direct-driven group and a municipal power grid-connected group. The photovoltaic direct-driven group includes a photovoltaic power collection unit, a power storage unit, a direct-driven power monitoring unit, a voltage adjustment unit, and a membrane capacitive deionization water purification unit. The municipal power grid-connected group includes a grid-connected control unit, a grid busbar unit, and an intelligent detection unit.