Solar PV Panel Identification via Spectral Index Synthesis

The patent segments the identification process into multiple independent modules: data collection module, data processing module (including quality control, cloud shadow removal, atmospheric correction), index calculation module (calculating multiple spectral indices like NDVI, NDWI, and custom PV indices), and classification module. This segmentation allows each module to handle specific aspects of the complex identification task independently, improving overall accuracy while managing complexity through modular design.

The patent transitions from analyzing single-band or simple spectral data to multi-dimensional spectral space by calculating multiple spectral indices simultaneously (NDVI for vegetation, NDWI for water, and PV-specific indices). This dimensional expansion in spectral feature space enables better differentiation between PV panels and other ground objects that may appear similar in single-band remote sensing images.

The patent employs multiple spectral indices with different parameter combinations (reflectance ratios, differences, and mathematical transformations) to characterize PV panels. By changing the parameters from simple single-band values to complex multi-band spectral indices, the system achieves more reliable automatic identification that can distinguish PV panels from similar ground objects in complex heterogeneous environments.

The patent creates a composite identification approach by combining multiple spectral indices (NDVI, NDWI, and PV-specific indices) rather than relying on a single spectral feature. This composite methodology integrates information from different spectral bands and relationships, enhancing the reliability of automatic identification in complex environments where individual indices may be insufficient.