PV Rapid Shutdown Device Merging Switches
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional photovoltaic rapid shutdown systems require each module to be connected to a separate rapid shutdown device, leading to high costs and low power generation efficiency due to increased conduction losses and energy consumption from multiple switches in series.
Innovation Solution
A photovoltaic rapid shutdown device with a first switch, second switch, bypass diode, auxiliary power supply, control circuit, and communication circuit, where one module serves as a power supplier, and the control circuit controls the switches to implement shutdown by short-circuiting the series-connected modules, reducing the number of switches and energy consumption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If each photovoltaic module is connected to a separate rapid shutdown device, then the shutdown protection is improved, but the cost increases and power generation efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple rapid shutdown devices into a single device that can control multiple photovoltaic modules. The rapid shutdown device includes a control circuit that can simultaneously control multiple switches to disconnect multiple modules, eliminating the need for separate shutdown devices for each module while maintaining shutdown protection functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The rapid shutdown device is designed with multi-functionality to serve multiple photovoltaic modules simultaneously. The control circuit can identify and control different modules based on their positions in the series connection, allowing one device to perform the shutdown function for multiple modules rather than requiring dedicated devices for each.
2Reliability
If multiple switches are connected in series for each photovoltaic module, then the shutdown protection is improved, but the conduction loss increases and power generation efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple switch control functions into a single rapid shutdown device with a unified control circuit. Instead of having separate switches in series for each module, the control circuit can simultaneously activate multiple switches within one device, reducing the total number of switches and minimizing conduction losses while maintaining the ability to disconnect any module.
3Reliability
If multiple rapid shutdown devices are used for each photovoltaic module, then the shutdown protection is improved, but the energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functionality of multiple rapid shutdown devices into a single device with a shared power supply and control circuit. The unified control circuit can manage multiple modules using the same power source, significantly reducing the total energy consumption compared to having separate powered devices for each module while maintaining comprehensive shutdown protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces costs and energy consumption by using a single rapid shutdown device to control all modules, minimizing energy loss during normal operation and ensuring efficient shutdown, thereby improving power generation efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a bypass diode, where one of the multiple photovoltaic modules serves as a power supplying photovoltaic module
Data Source
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AI summary
A photovoltaic rapid shutdown device and a photovoltaic system are provided. The device includes a first switch, a second switch, a bypass diode, an auxiliary power supply, a control circuit and a communication circuit. One of multiple photovoltaic modules serves as a power supplying photovoltaic module, and an output terminal of the power supplying photovoltaic module is connected to an input terminal of the auxiliary power supply. The first switch is connected in series between the power supplying photovoltaic module and an adjacent photovoltaic module. Two terminals of the second switch are connected to positive and negative output terminals of a branch formed by the multiple photovoltaic modules connected in series, respectively. A cathode of the bypass diode is connected to a low voltage terminal of the adjacent photovoltaic module.