PWM Battery Heating Control for Low-Temperature EV Packs
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicle battery systems face challenges with low charge and discharge power at low temperatures, leading to reduced dynamic performance, driving range, and charging time, as well as issues with low heating power and rate in existing thermal management systems.
Innovation Solution
A battery system with an adjustable heating rate is developed, comprising a battery pack, a heating plate, a power control module, and a battery management system. The system uses a PWM signal to adjust the current on-off time and frequency of the heating plate, allowing for self-heating and adaptive heating power management based on real-time battery status information.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a heating system is added to the battery system to improve low-temperature performance, then the heating power and heating rate are improved, but the device complexity and maintenance difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The heating plate is integrated with the battery pack structure, merging the heating function into the existing battery system rather than adding a separate heating system. This reduces overall device complexity while maintaining effective heating capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The power control module serves multiple functions: it controls both the heating plate and the motor, and can operate in different modes (heating mode, motor drive mode, dual function mode). This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated control systems, thereby reducing device complexity.
2Productivity
If the heating power is increased to improve heating rate, then the heating rate is improved, but the energy consumption and system loss increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the heating power based on real-time battery temperature feedback. The power control module receives temperature information from the battery management system and automatically adjusts the heating plate's power output, ensuring high heating rate when needed while reducing energy loss when temperature requirements are met.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the heating parameters (power level, duty cycle) based on battery temperature conditions. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system achieves high heating rate when temperature is low while minimizing energy consumption when temperature approaches the target range.
3Power
If the heating power is increased to improve low-temperature performance, then the charge and discharge power are improved, but the control complexity and failure rate increase
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management system continuously monitors battery temperature and provides feedback to the power control module. This closed-loop feedback control ensures that heating is applied appropriately based on actual battery conditions, preventing overheating and reducing control errors that could lead to failures.
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies heating selectively based on temperature thresholds and operational modes rather than continuously at full power. This partial action approach reduces stress on the heating system and control module, thereby lowering failure rate while still achieving the necessary charge and discharge power improvement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves a high heating rate, low failure rate, reduced maintenance complexity, and enhanced safety for the battery system, thereby improving the performance and usability of electric vehicles in low-temperature environments.
Implementation Method 1
the power control module adjusting the current on-off time and frequency of the heating plate through a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal to adjust the heating power and heating rate
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a battery system with adjustable heating rate and control method thereof, the battery system comprises a battery pack, a heating plate, a power control module, and a battery management system; when the temperature of the battery pack is lower than the preset self-heating switch-on temperature, the power control module is turned on, and the battery management system transmits the collected status information of the battery pack to the power control module, the power control module adjusting the current on-off time and switching frequency of the heating plate through a PWM signal to adjust the heating power and heating rate, to realize self-heating of the battery; when the temperature of the battery pack reaches the preset self-heating switch-off temperature, the power control module is turned off to stop heating; wherein, the power control module further includes a current adjustment module, a current acquisition module, and a heating control module. The present disclosure can realize the beneficial effects of fast heating rate, long driving range, and fast charging at low temperature of the power battery system.