PWM High-Voltage Energy Extraction for Compact Power Sampling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional high-voltage energy extraction elements suffer from low power factor, low conversion efficiency, complex circuit structures, and large size, making them unsuitable for narrow spaces and efficient energy extraction.
Innovation Solution
An electronic high-voltage energy extraction and sampling device utilizing a high-voltage power supply, high-voltage and low-voltage side elements, a rectification module, and a stabilization output module with a pulse width controller to modulate current and supply stable direct-current power, enabling efficient energy extraction and high power factor.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an electromagnetic voltage transformer is used for high-voltage energy extraction, then voltage transformation and isolation are achieved, but the device becomes bulky, expensive, and prone to ferromagnetic resonance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electromagnetic transformer (mechanical/magnetic system) with an electronic circuit system consisting of voltage dividing elements, rectification modules, and stabilization output modules. This substitution eliminates ferromagnetic resonance issues and reduces device size while maintaining voltage transformation and isolation functions through electronic means rather than magnetic induction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the energy extraction system into separate functional modules: high-voltage side elements for voltage division, rectification modules for AC-to-DC conversion, and stabilization output modules for voltage regulation. This modular segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently, reducing overall complexity and size compared to a monolithic electromagnetic transformer
2Device complexity
If a capacitive voltage transformer is used for energy extraction, then device size is reduced and cost is lowered, but energy extraction power and efficiency remain low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a stabilization output module with pulse width modulation capability that dynamically adjusts the output voltage and power delivery. This dynamic control allows the system to optimize energy extraction in real-time, significantly improving power efficiency compared to static capacitive voltage transformers while maintaining the compact size advantage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating parameters of the capacitive voltage transformer by adding active control elements including rectification and pulse width modulation. These parameter changes transform the passive capacitive divider into an active power extraction system with high efficiency and adjustable output, overcoming the low power limitation of conventional capacitive transformers
3Reliability
If a transformer component is retained in the capacitive energy extraction device, then voltage transformation is achieved, but the power factor remains low and harmonic content increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the transformer component (magnetic system) with an all-electronic voltage division and rectification system. This substitution eliminates the nonlinear magnetic characteristics that cause harmonics and poor power factor, resulting in cleaner waveforms and improved power quality while maintaining voltage transformation capability through electronic circuitry
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback control mechanism in the stabilization output module that monitors output voltage and adjusts the pulse width modulation duty cycle accordingly. This feedback control optimizes the power factor by synchronizing the switching actions with the voltage waveform, reducing harmonic distortion and improving overall power quality compared to transformer-based systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device achieves high efficiency and power factor with a simple circuit structure, allowing for compact design suitable for narrow spaces and effective high-voltage energy extraction and monitoring.
Implementation Method 1
The high-voltage energy extraction module includes a high-voltage side element and a low-voltage side element. The high-voltage side element is connected in series with the high-voltage power supply to form a high-voltage arm. The low-voltage side element is connected in series with the high-voltage side element to form a low-voltage arm.
Implementation Method 2
The rectification module is connected to the low-voltage side element and is configured to rectify power outputted from the low-voltage side element.
Implementation Method 3
the pulse width controller is configured to modulate a pulse width of current outputted from the voltage stabilizing element based on a duty ratio of a pulse-width signal outputted from the pulse width controller, to supply the stable direct-current power to the load.
Data Source
AI summary
A pulse width modulation power supply method, and an electronic high-voltage energy extraction and sampling apparatus and method. The apparatus uses a high-voltage energy extraction module composed of a high voltage-side element and a low voltage-side element, so that the electronic high-voltage energy extraction and sampling apparatus can achieve the purpose of high-efficiency voltage energy extraction, and implement the characteristics of high power factor and high conversion efficiency. A waveform characteristic of a voltage of a high-voltage power supply is indirectly reflected by means of a current in the low voltage-side element of a low-voltage arm, so that the purpose of monitoring the voltage of the high-voltage power supply is achieved.