PWM Engine Ignition Exciter Control for Variable Spark Rates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional engine ignition systems lack precise control over spark rate and energy delivery, leading to inefficiencies and potential wear on components due to inconsistent energy requirements based on environmental and engine conditions.
Innovation Solution
A pulse width modulated (PWM) signal-controlled exciter system with a multifunction controller that adjusts spark rate, energy storage, and firing switch operation based on engine and environmental conditions, utilizing existing controller resources for advanced ignition management.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional ignition systems operate at maximum spark rate continuously, then ignition reliability is maintained, but energy consumption increases and component wear accelerates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic spark rate control where the exciter operates at variable spark rates based on real-time engine conditions. The controller adjusts the spark rate from minimum to maximum as needed, rather than operating continuously at maximum rate, thereby reducing energy consumption while maintaining ignition reliability when required.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the operational parameters of the exciter by adjusting the spark rate according to engine conditions. The controller modulates the spark rate parameter dynamically, allowing the system to optimize between energy savings and ignition reliability based on actual operating requirements.
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional ignition systems use fixed energy delivery, then system simplicity is maintained, but ignition performance varies under different environmental and engine conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates feedback control where the controller monitors engine conditions and adjusts the exciter operation accordingly. This feedback mechanism enables the system to adapt ignition performance to varying environmental and engine conditions while managing complexity through intelligent control algorithms.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller is designed to perform multiple functions including monitoring engine conditions, determining optimal spark rates, controlling the exciter operation, and managing overall ignition system performance. This multi-functionality allows the system to adapt to various conditions without requiring separate dedicated components for each function.
3Reliability
If conventional ignition systems operate without precise control, then component wear is reduced due to simpler operation, but ignition reliability deteriorates under varying conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The ignition system performs self-adjustment by automatically monitoring its own operating conditions and adjusting the spark rate accordingly. The controller continuously evaluates engine parameters and modulates the exciter operation to maintain optimal ignition performance, enabling the system to serve itself without external intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces mechanical or purely electronic switch-based control with electronic control that uses processed information about engine conditions. The controller uses electronic signal processing and decision-making algorithms to determine optimal spark timing and rate, substituting intelligent electronic control for simpler but less adaptive mechanical systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Provides precise control over spark rate and energy delivery, extending component life and improving ignition reliability by tailoring spark rates to specific conditions, reducing wear and enhancing fault detection capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
The exciter is the ignition spark energy source that converts the low voltage power supply input to a much higher internal voltage, and provides this voltage to charge an energy storage device. The exciter discharges the energy storage device stored energy to the exciter output.
Implementation Method 2
the firing switch can contain a circuit that connects the stored energy to the exciter output but also provides for stepped up higher voltage spikes that may be necessary for the igniter to conduct current (aka sparking)
Implementation Method 3
the igniter plugs create the spark for ignition using the high voltage discharge from the energy storage device
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
In accordance with at least one aspect of this disclosure, a method can include controlling firing of an exciter of an engine with an electronic controller separate from the exciter as a function of at least one excitation command from the electronic controller and at least one feedback signal from the exciter operatively connected to the electronic controller.