Plastic Digestion by Pyralidae Larvae for Biomass

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Solution Overview

Problem

The environmental impact of plastic pollution is significant due to the resistance of plastics to biodegradation, and existing methods for biomass production from plastics are inefficient, making it challenging to recycle and degrade mixed plastic materials effectively.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the use of insect larvae from the family Pyralidae, such as Galleria mellonella, to digest various plastic polymers and copolymers without additional feed, thereby producing biomass and increasing pupation rates.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional plastic recycling methods are used, then plastic degradation can be achieved, but the process is inefficient and cannot handle mixed plastic materials effectively

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplastic degradation efficiencyVSAvoidability to process mixed plastics
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a consortium of multiple microorganism strains (including Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus niger) that collectively possess the ability to degrade various types of plastic polymers. This multi-functional microbial system can process different plastic materials (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and their mixtures) simultaneously, resolving the contradiction between degradation efficiency and adaptability to mixed plastics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention creates a composite biological system by combining multiple microorganism strains with complementary degradation capabilities. This composite microbial consortium functions as a unified biocatalytic system that can tackle the complexity of mixed plastic waste, achieving both high degradation efficiency and broad substrate versatility that single strains cannot accomplish alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Object-affected harmful factors

If plastic pollution is addressed through traditional methods, then some degradation occurs, but the environmental impact remains significant due to resistance to biodegradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenvironmental impact of plastic pollutionVSAvoidbiodegradation resistance of plastics
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful property of plastic resistance to biodegradation into a benefit by using this resistance as a selection pressure to develop highly efficient microbial degraders. The engineered and isolated microbial consortium is specifically selected and optimized to overcome the natural biodegradation resistance of plastics, transforming the previously harmful durability of plastics into an opportunity for developing targeted biodegradation solutions that reduce environmental impact.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Productivity

If biomass production is increased from organic matter, then renewable energy production improves, but the availability of suitable organic substrates becomes limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebiomass production rateVSAvoidavailability of organic substrates
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent utilizes abundant, low-cost, and readily available plastic waste materials as substrates for biomass production. Instead of relying on limited traditional organic substrates (such as agricultural waste or dedicated energy crops), the invention converts inexhaustible plastic waste into valuable biomass, effectively using a disposable, abundant resource to sustain continuous biomass production and renewable energy generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach efficiently transforms plastic waste into biomass, enhances larval mass, and increases pupation rates, addressing the challenges of plastic degradation and recycling without the need for supplementary feeds.

Implementation Method 1

Galleria mellonella is able to digest polystyrene (PS)... G. mellonella exhibits a preference away from feeding on plastics... the production of biomass by digestion of various plastics only (without other feed supplement) can be achieved by the insects of the family Pyralidae

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBiodegradation: Decomposition (biological)

Data Source

PatentEP4363130B1Biomass production
Publication Date: 2025.08.20 NBTECH AB
  • EP4363130B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4363130B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4363130B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to the production of biomass from at least one plastic polymer. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to use of a feed for production of biomass, wherein larvae of the family Pyralidae or of the family Tenebrionidae are fed on a feed comprising at least one plastic polymer, a related use of increasing pupation in a population of larva.