Pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5,7-tetraone Universal Base Solubility
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional universal bases are unable to form nonspecific base pairs with all four natural nucleic acid bases (A, T, C, and G) due to low solubility and specific pairing behaviors, limiting their functionality in nucleic acid interactions.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of alkyl groups at the position 1 of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5,7-tetraone increases solubility, allowing the compound to form nonspecific base pairs with all four natural nucleic acid bases by altering its structure in response to pairing bases, as represented by the chemical formula where R is a monovalent group other than hydrogen, enhancing its ability to pair with adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5,7-tetraone is used as a universal base, then it has the potential to pair with natural nucleic acid bases, but its extremely low solubility in water and organic solvents prevents it from functioning in base pairing reactions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical structure of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5,7-tetraone at position 1 to improve solubility. Specifically, it introduces compounds with different substituent groups (alkyl groups, hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, amino groups) at position 1, which changes the physical and chemical parameters of the molecule to achieve sufficient solubility in aqueous and organic solutions while maintaining base pairing capability with natural nucleic acid bases.
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional universal bases are used, then they show some base pairing activity, but they belong to intercalators and are incapable of forming pseudo base pairs with all four natural nucleic acid bases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves universality by designing pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5,7-tetraone derivatives that can pair with all four natural nucleic acid bases (adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine). The modified structure at position 1 enables the compound to function as a true universal base, forming pseudo base pairs with A, T, C, and G simultaneously, thereby achieving multi-functionality in nucleic acid interactions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent inverts the conventional approach by using pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5,7-tetraone as the core structure rather than inosine-based derivatives. This structural inversion, combined with modifications at position 1, creates a novel universal base that forms pseudo base pairs through a different mechanism than conventional intercalators, achieving reliable pairing with all four natural bases.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidine-2,4,5,7-tetraone derivative achieves sufficient solubility and versatility to form pseudo base pairs with all four natural nucleic acid bases, demonstrating a novel and effective universal base pairing capability.
Implementation Method 1
capable of forming a nonspecific base pair with four kinds of natural nucleic acid bases
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides artificial universal base capable of base pairing nonspecifically with any of four kinds of natural nucleic acid bases (A, T, G, and C) without the function to specifically recognize pairing natural nucleic acid bases for base pair formation.Universal base capable of base paring nonspecifically with four kinds of natural nucleic acid bases, wherein the universal base has a structure represented by the following chemical formula:wherein R represents a monovalent group other than a hydrogen atom.