Pyrolysis System for Source Rock Evaluation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for evaluating source rock samples from subterranean reservoirs are limited by their inability to accurately predict hydrocarbon volumes and reproduce subsurface environments, leading to inefficiencies in hydrocarbon extraction.

Innovation Solution

The development of pyrolysis tools and sensing methods that include a reactor vessel with an environmental control system and sensor system, allowing for real-time measurements of source rock samples during thermal transformation, which provide accurate kinetic parameters for computer simulations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional laboratory pyrolysis methods are used to evaluate source rock samples, then kinetic parameters can be obtained, but the ability to accurately predict hydrocarbon volumes and reproduce subsurface environments is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of hydrocarbon volume predictionVSAvoidability to reproduce subsurface environment
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by systematically varying temperature, pressure, and chemical composition parameters during pyrolysis experiments to match subsurface conditions. The method uses multiple heating rates and temperature profiles to simulate different burial histories and maturation conditions, thereby improving both measurement precision and environmental reproduction reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a simplified laboratory copy of the complex subsurface environment by using surrogate materials and scaled-down experimental conditions. The pyrolysis apparatus replicates key subsurface parameters (temperature, pressure, fluid composition) without requiring actual subsurface conditions, enabling accurate measurement of kinetic parameters that can be extrapolated to field-scale hydrocarbon volume predictions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Productivity

If computer simulations are used to predict hydrocarbon volumes, then evaluation can be performed, but the simulations require accurate kinetic properties that are difficult to obtain

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveefficiency of hydrocarbon extraction evaluationVSAvoidaccuracy of kinetic parameters
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback mechanisms by continuously monitoring pyrolysis product generation rates and using this data to refine kinetic parameter estimates. The method compares experimental results with simulation predictions and iteratively adjusts kinetic parameters to improve agreement, thereby enhancing both productivity and measurement precision simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs preliminary pyrolysis experiments to determine kinetic parameters before conducting full-scale computer simulations. By obtaining accurate kinetic properties through controlled laboratory pyrolysis first, the method enables more efficient and accurate hydrocarbon volume predictions in subsequent simulation stages, improving overall evaluation productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

These tools enable precise evaluation of source rock samples, enhancing hydrocarbon extraction by accurately determining hydrocarbon compositional evolution and kinetic parameters, thus improving the prediction of hydrocarbon volumes and refining geologic scenarios.

Implementation Method 1

The pyrolysis tool includes a reactor vessel, an environmental control system, a sensor system, and data acquisition and processing system (DAPS)... The source rock sample holder contains the source rock sample during transformation... allowing measurements on the source rock sample during thermal degradation (e.g., pyrolysis)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPyrolysis: Pyrolysis

Data Source

PatentUS12019038B2Evaluation of source rock samples from subterranean reservoirs
Publication Date: 2024.06.25 SAUDI ARABIAN OIL CO
  • US12019038B2 patent drawing
  • US12019038B2 patent drawing
  • US12019038B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A pyrolysis system for evaluating a source rock sample from a subterranean reservoir and methods are described. The pyrolysis system includes a reactor vessel including a body with an open end, a cover attachable to the body, a heating system, a collector assembly. The body and the cover define a sealable chamber; a source rock sample holder sized to be received inside the sealable chamber; and a sensor system. The sensor system includes a direct sensor assembly associated with the source rock sample holder, sized to be received inside the sealable chamber, and operable to measure properties of the source rock sample in the source rock sample holder; and a pyrolysis products sensor assembly in fluid communication with the collector assembly of the reactor vessel.