Pyrolytic Gas Generator Multi-Chamber Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pyrolytic gas generators face challenges in handling biomass, particularly oily seeds and press cakes, due to inefficiencies and unsatisfactory cleanliness of the produced gas, which limits their utilization in combined heat and power plants.
Innovation Solution
A multi-chamber pyrolytic gas generator design with external heat supply, baffles for enhanced heat transfer, and a coke container for filtering and cooling, along with a system for recycling incompletely gasified material and using ceramic filters and gas scrubbers for further purification, ensures efficient and clean gas production.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a multi-chamber design with external auxiliary burner is used, then the pyrolysis process can be maintained under optimal conditions, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The gas generator is divided into multiple functional chambers: a pyrolysis chamber for biomass decomposition, a gasification chamber for syngas production, and a combustion chamber for heat generation. This segmentation allows each chamber to operate under optimized conditions, ensuring reliable pyrolysis process while managing complexity through functional specialization.
2Use of energy by moving object
If external heat supply channels with baffles are provided, then heat transfer efficiency is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Baffles are introduced as intermediary structures within the heat supply channels to enhance heat transfer between the combustion chamber and pyrolysis chamber. These baffles increase the heat exchange surface area and promote thermal convection, improving energy utilization without requiring a complete redesign of the chamber structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The heat supply system utilizes three-dimensional heat distribution through vertically arranged heat supply channels extending from the combustion chamber through the pyrolysis chamber. This spatial arrangement optimizes heat penetration and distribution throughout the biomass material.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If a coke container with coarse coke is provided for filtering, then gas cleanliness is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A coke container filled with coarse coke is introduced as a porous filtering medium. The coke particles with specific size distribution (6-12 mm) create a porous bed that effectively removes tar and particulate matter from the syngas through adsorption and physical filtration, achieving gas cleanliness requirements for combined heat and power plant utilization.
4Productivity
If transport screws are provided in pre-pyrolysis tube and gasification channel, then material transport efficiency is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Screw conveyors are installed in the pre-pyrolysis tube and gasification channel to provide automated, continuous transport of biomass material through the different processing zones. The screw mechanisms enable self-contained material handling without external intervention, improving productivity while the compact screw design minimizes the additional complexity.
5Object-generated harmful factors
If ceramic filters and gas scrubbers are added for purification, then gas cleanliness is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A ceramic filter is introduced as an intermediary purification device between the gasification chamber and the output. The ceramic filter with its porous structure effectively removes fine particulates and ash from the syngas, achieving the high gas purity required for combined heat and power plant operation while maintaining a relatively simple filter design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides high-quality pyrolysis gas with improved heat distribution, effective cleaning, and efficient material utilization, addressing the inefficiencies and cleanliness issues of previous generators, enabling reliable gas production for further utilization in power plants.
Implementation Method 1
The pyrolysis is started and maintained by the supply of external heat
Implementation Method 2
This ensures a very even supply of heat
Implementation Method 3
the heat supply channel is arranged below the process channel and then merges into a channel surrounding the process channel
Implementation Method 4
baffles are provided on the gasification channel and/or on the pre-pyrolysis tube, which protrude into the heat supply channel. This further improves the heat transfer between the heat supply channel and the process channel
Implementation Method 5
a pyrolytic gas generator for generating clean useful gas from biomass, in particular wood, oilseeds or the like
Implementation Method 6
a transport screw or some other transport device is provided in the pre-pyrolysis tube and/or in the gasification channel for the even transport of the gasification material
Implementation Method 7
a coke container with coarse coke is provided, through which the useful gas produced is passed for filtering and cooling
Implementation Method 8
through which the useful gas produced is passed for filtering and cooling
Implementation Method 9
a filter for the hot useful gas is provided, which is downstream of the gasification channel and is able to filter out solid residues in the useful gas, entrained ash and dust
Implementation Method 10
a plurality of gas nozzles are provided as the cleaning device, which are intermittently charged with pressurized, cleaned useful gas
Implementation Method 11
a cooler for cooling the useful gas is preferably provided after the filter. The useful gas is cooled down from the high process temperature by a cooler
Implementation Method 12
a cooler is designed as a tube cooler in whose tubes rotating brushes are provided, which are able to transport oil, tar, water and other deposits condensing on the tube inner walls
Implementation Method 13
rotating brushes are provided, which are able to transport oil, tar, water and other deposits condensing on the tube inner walls to a collecting unit
Implementation Method 14
a gas scrubber is provided in which the gas is scrubbed with the aid of an oil mist. The gas scrubber removes other particles still present in the useful gas
Implementation Method 15
a droplet separator is provided which is able to separate the useful gas from the oil mist. A large number of baffle plates are provided which are offset and/or angled relative to one another, the oil mist containing impurities being separated on these baffle plates
Data Source
AI summary
A pyrolytic gas generators (1) for generating clean useful gas from biomass, particularly wood, oil seeds or the like, wherein a gasification channel (3) is provided in a multi-chamber design, wherein the gasification channel is provided with a support burner (9), which can feed heat from the outside to the gasification channel during the gasification of the biomass, a prepyrolysis tube (2) is connected upstream and an ash discharge (14) is connected downstream of the gasification channel, wherein the generated gases are post-gasified in the gasification channel, while the material to be gasified is transported mechanically from a material container to the ash discharge.