PZT Transducer Density Detection via Pulse Phase Shift
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods lack a straightforward and effective means for continuous detection of minute changes in density of fluids and biological fluids, which is crucial for monitoring changes in solutes like glucose, dehydration, and quality control in fresh foods, but existing technologies are inadequate for real-time, non-invasive monitoring without sampling.
Innovation Solution
A device employing a Piezo Electric (PZT) transducer that generates pulse trains and monitors phase shift and amplitude differences between incoming and reflected pulses to detect density changes, allowing continuous monitoring of fluids and solids at varying temperatures without the need for sampling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional density measurement methods are used, then density can be determined, but continuous real-time monitoring of minute density changes is not achievable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic pulse train generation and reflection measurement to enable continuous monitoring. The transducer sends periodic pulses and measures the reflected signals, allowing real-time detection of density changes without requiring continuous sampling or invasive procedures. This periodic measurement approach achieves both precision and continuity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces conventional mechanical density measurement methods with acoustic wave-based measurement. By using a transducer to generate and detect acoustic waves, the system achieves non-invasive, continuous monitoring of density changes in biological fluids and solids, eliminating the need for physical sampling or mechanical intervention.
2Ease of operation
If sampling methods are used for density measurement, then density can be determined, but continuous non-invasive monitoring is not possible
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical sampling with non-invasive acoustic wave measurement. The transducer measures density changes by detecting acoustic wave propagation characteristics through the material, enabling continuous monitoring without physical contact or sampling, while maintaining high precision for detecting minute density variations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses acoustic waves as an intermediary to measure density changes. The transducer generates acoustic waves that propagate through the material, and the reflected or transmitted waves carry information about density changes. This intermediary approach enables non-invasive measurement while preserving measurement precision.
3Measurement precision
If temperature compensation is not implemented, then measurement simplicity is maintained, but density accuracy deteriorates due to temperature-induced volume changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements temperature compensation through feedback mechanisms. Temperature sensors monitor the temperature of the material being measured, and the system adjusts density calculations based on the measured temperature and known thermal expansion characteristics. This feedback approach maintains measurement accuracy while managing system complexity through standardized compensation algorithms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous, non-invasive monitoring of density changes in real-time, effectively tracking glucose levels, dehydration, and quality control in beverages and fresh foods, with experimental results showing reliable correlation with conventional measurements and minimal non-linearity.
Implementation Method 1
a PZT (Piezo Electric) transducer is preferably used
Implementation Method 2
the transducer is used to register the change of density as the change of the phase shift between the exited pulse train and its reflection
Implementation Method 3
in addition to the amplitude difference between the two pulse trains—ingoing train and reflected train
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a sensor for continuous detection of minute changes of density in fluids and biological fluids, solids and semisolid bodies by use of a transducer.The invention also relates to a method for continuous detection of changes of density of fluids or solids as well as use of the device.