QR Code Obscuring Algorithm for Rapid Diagnostic Test Image Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current rapid diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 often produce false-negative results due to faint or indetectable test lines, primarily because the image capture technology struggles with poor resolution and contrast, leading to inadequate detection of positive test lines.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a QR code obscuring algorithm that partially masks the QR code to force improved focus and contrast, allowing for better image capture of the test line region, combined with mathematical techniques for enhanced detection of positive test results.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If the camera focuses on the QR code to enable automatic image capture, then the automation and ease of operation improve, but the resolution and contrast of the test line region deteriorate due to the QR code obscuring the view
Solution Approach 1:
The image capture area is segmented into two functional zones: a QR code region for automatic focusing and device identification, and a test line region for diagnostic analysis. The system processes these regions differently, using the QR code area solely for automation triggers while directing enhanced imaging resources to the test line region.
Solution Approach 2:
Different quality standards are applied to different regions of the captured image. The QR code region is captured at standard resolution for automated processing, while the test line region receives enhanced resolution and contrast optimization to improve detection sensitivity and reduce false negatives.
2Extent of automation
If the QR code is made visible for automatic detection, then the automation capability improves, but the contrast and detectability of the test line region worsens
Solution Approach 1:
The QR code serves as an intermediary element that triggers the automated capture process without interfering with the test line detection. The system uses the QR code's presence and characteristics to initiate and configure the image capture, then separates the processing streams to ensure the test line region is analyzed with optimized parameters for maximum reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The QR code detection and camera focusing occur as preliminary actions before the actual test line analysis. This sequence allows the system to prepare the imaging parameters (resolution, contrast, exposure) specifically for the test line region after the automated capture is triggered, ensuring optimal conditions for reliable detection.
3Speed
If the image capture prioritizes the QR code for focusing, then the automation speed improves, but the resolution of the test line region deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The imaging system dynamically adjusts its parameters based on the captured scene. After rapid automatic focusing is achieved through QR code detection, the system dynamically reallocates imaging resources to enhance the resolution and contrast of the test line region in the same or subsequent frames, maintaining both speed and precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs periodic or sequential imaging where the QR code region is captured first for rapid focusing, followed by enhanced capture of the test line region with optimized resolution settings. This periodic alternation between rapid acquisition and high-resolution analysis maintains overall system speed while ensuring test line detectability.
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosed embodiments are generally directed to improving feature detection of rapidly acquired images using camera-enabled mobile devices involving a 2-D decal code, such as a QR code, for improving the reading accuracy of a rapid diagnostic antigen or antibody or enzymatic colorimetric directed test, such as for COVID-19 diagnosis. One primary issue with evaluating a Covid-19 rapid test is detecting and quantifying positive test lines from sampled test strips based on digital images of the test strip. Aspects of the present invention contemplate masking a QR code to improve the sample image resolution and contrast. Other aspects of the present invention contemplate methods and techniques to evaluate a test line on the sample image by enhancing an intensity curve along the test line and control line containing area by way of calculating the instantaneous change in pixel intensity and evaluating the position and intensity of those signals.