Quadrature Coupler Shield Layout for Tunable Coupling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing quadrature couplers integrated into multi-functional boards are difficult to modify in terms of coupling degree due to their complex design and internal structure.

Innovation Solution

A quadrature coupler design that utilizes additive manufacturing and printing to adjust the strip conductor widths, allowing for tuning of the coupling degree while maintaining the coupler on a multi-functional board.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If prior art quadrature couplers are integrated into a larger board with many functions, then the coupler can be used in complex board environments, but the design such as the degree of coupling becomes not easy alterable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadaptability to complex board environmentsVSAvoidease of altering coupling degree
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a movable shield structure that can be adjusted to different positions along the coupling region. This dynamic element allows the coupling degree to be altered after the coupler is integrated into the board, solving the contradiction between adaptability to complex environments and ease of modifying coupling parameters. The shield's position adjustment changes the electromagnetic field distribution, thereby tuning the coupling degree without requiring board redesign.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Ease of manufacture

If the coupling degree is fixed in prior art designs, then the manufacturing process is simplified, but the ability to tune or adjust the coupling degree is lost

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of manufacturing processVSAvoidability to tune coupling degree
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The movable shield provides a simple mechanical adjustment mechanism that can be implemented during or after manufacturing. This maintains manufacturing simplicity while adding the capability to tune the coupling degree by adjusting the shield position, thus resolving the contradiction between manufacturing simplicity and tuning capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical parameter of the shield position to control the coupling degree. By moving the shield along the coupling region, the electromagnetic parameters (coupling coefficient) are adjusted without changing the basic structure or materials, maintaining manufacturing simplicity while enabling parameter tuning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If an electrically conductive shield layer is added over the coupling region, then electrical isolation is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical isolationVSAvoidstructural complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The shield structure serves multiple functions: it provides electrical isolation between the coupling region and surrounding circuits, and simultaneously acts as a tuning element for adjusting the coupling degree by changing its position. This multi-functionality improves reliability through better isolation while minimizing the increase in device complexity, as the same structural element performs both isolation and tuning functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables easy adjustment of the coupling degree between strip conductors, enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of quadrature couplers in complex board environments.

Implementation Method 1

an electrically conductive shield layer disposed over a top surface of the second dielectric layer, extending over opposing sides of the second dielectric layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic shielding: Faraday Cage

Implementation Method 2

quadrature couplers are used in a variety of microwave circuits to split an input signal into a pair of output signals, usually with equal magnitudes, that are ninety degrees apart in phase

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectQuadrature coupling: Waveguide

Data Source

PatentEP3639321B1Quadrature coupler
Publication Date: 2025.02.19 RAYTHEON CO
  • EP3639321B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1C
  • EP3639321B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2C
  • EP3639321B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3C

AI summary

A quadrature coupler having: a pair of overlying strip conductors separated by a first dielectric layer to provide a coupling region between the coupling region of overlying strip conductors; a pair of opposing ground pads, the coupling region being disposed between the pair of opposing ground pads; a second dielectric layer disposed over the coupling region and between the pair of opposing ground pads; and an electrically conductive shield layer disposed over the second dielectric layer, extending over opposing sides of the dielectric layer and onto the pair of opposing ground pads. Portions of coupler are formed by printing or additive manufacturing.