3D Quadruple Polarization Antenna Layout for Lower Element Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing quadruple polarization antenna designs face challenges in reducing coupling between elements, particularly with complex structures like 45° quadruple polarization antennas, where decoupling networks are difficult to apply, and miniaturization is hindered by the need for larger circuit areas.
Innovation Solution
A quadruple polarization antenna apparatus comprising a first dual-polarization antenna element, a second dual-polarization antenna element, and a connecting part that overlaps and connects them, forming a three-dimensional structure to reduce coupling and improve radiation patterns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If overlay elements are used to reduce antenna size, then the antenna size is reduced, but coupling between elements increases
Solution Approach 1:
A feeding structure is introduced as an intermediary component between the first and second antenna elements. This feeding structure includes a feed line with a first end connected to the first antenna element and a second end connected to the second antenna element, serving as a mediator that controls and manages the coupling interaction between the closely-spaced elements while enabling their compact overlay configuration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a planar two-dimensional element arrangement to a three-dimensional overlay configuration where the first and second antenna elements are positioned at different vertical levels (first height and second height respectively). This dimensional change allows the elements to be closely spaced horizontally for miniaturization while maintaining vertical separation to control coupling
2Object-generated harmful factors
If neutralization method is used to reduce coupling, then coupling is reduced, but the antenna requires larger size to install 1⁄2λ line
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrical parameters of the feeding structure, specifically designing the feed line with a controlled electrical length that is intentionally set to be less than 1⁄2λ. By adjusting the feed line's electrical characteristics (length, impedance, positioning), the patent achieves effective coupling control and decoupling functionality without requiring the traditional 1⁄2λ line length, thereby reducing the overall antenna size
3Object-generated harmful factors
If decoupling network is applied to 45° quadruple polarization antenna, then coupling reduction is attempted, but the design becomes complex and circuit area increases
Solution Approach 1:
The feeding structure is designed to perform multiple functions simultaneously: it provides power delivery to both antenna elements, establishes electrical connection between elements, controls coupling interaction, and enables decoupling functionality. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate dedicated decoupling networks, thereby reducing overall design complexity while achieving coupling reduction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the coupling control function with the existing feeding structure by incorporating the feed line as both the power delivery path and the coupling management mechanism. Instead of adding a separate decoupling network, the feeding structure itself is designed to inherently manage coupling through its specific geometric and electrical configuration, combining multiple functions into a single integrated component
Data Source
AI summary
A quadruple polarization antenna apparatus comprising: first dual-polarization antenna element; a second dual-polarization antenna element disposed below the first dual-polarization antenna element so that at least a portion overlaps the first dual-polarization antenna element; and a connecting part configured to connect the first dual-polarization antenna element and the second dual-polarization antenna element.