Quantum Authentication Basis Selection Using a Pre-Shared Key
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing quantum communication systems face challenges in user authentication due to mismatched bases between transmitting and receiving ends, leading to information loss and the need for separate error correction processes during authentication.
Innovation Solution
A method and device for user authentication in quantum communication systems using a pre-shared key to encode authentication messages, determining the basis for each bit element based on the pre-shared key, and comparing error rates to authenticate successfully without separate error correction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If basis selection is performed during authentication in quantum communication systems, then authentication capability is improved, but information loss occurs due to mismatch between bases used by transmitting and receiving ends
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-sharing a key between the transmitting end and receiving end before authentication. This pre-shared key is used to determine the basis for encoding and measurement in advance, eliminating the need for random basis selection during authentication. By performing the basis selection action beforehand through key distribution, the system ensures both parties use matching bases, thus preventing information loss while maintaining authentication capability.
2Measurement precision
If basis matching is performed during authentication, then authentication accuracy is improved, but the authentication process becomes more complex requiring separate error correction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the authentication function and error correction function into a single unified process. By using the pre-shared key to determine bases for both authentication encoding and error correction coding simultaneously, the system eliminates the need for separate basis matching and error correction procedures. This consolidation maintains high authentication accuracy while reducing overall process complexity.
3Loss of information
If pre-shared key is used for basis determination, then information loss is reduced, but key management complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing the pre-shared key to serve multiple functions simultaneously: it determines the basis for encoding authentication messages, determines the basis for measuring quantum information, and enables error correction. This multi-functional use of a single key reduces information loss across all operations while avoiding the need for separate key management systems for each function, thus reducing overall complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a method for carrying out user authentication in a quantum communication system. More specifically, the method comprises the steps of: on the basis of a pre-shared key, generating authentication quantum information by encoding an authentication message for user authentication, wherein a basis, for encoding each bit element constituting the authentication message, the respective bit elements corresponding to the respective positions of bit elements constituting the pre-shared key, is determined on the basis of respective bit values of the bit elements constituting the pre-shared key; transmitting the authentication quantum information to a receiving end via a quantum channel; receiving, from the receiving end, authentication quantum information measurement information related to a value derived by means of the receiving end measuring the authentication quantum information; and carrying out user authentication with the receiving end on the basis of the authentication quantum information measurement information.