Quantum Logic Gate with Common Coupled Resonator

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for achieving arbitrary qubit operations in quantum computers are inefficient and require high precision electronic controls, making them costly and complex.

Innovation Solution

A quantum circuit is developed where qubits with tunable energy splitting are coupled to a resonator, allowing for adiabatic and non-adiabatic transitions of classical control parameters to perform CNOT operations, eliminating the need for high precision controls by using digital control methods.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If high precision electronic controls are used to achieve arbitrary qubit operations, then the accuracy of quantum gate operations is improved, but the device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of quantum gate operationsVSAvoidcomplexity of control systems
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex electronic control systems with a resonator-based quantum system that uses quantum mechanical effects (adiabatic and non-adiabatic transitions) to perform gate operations. The resonator coupled to qubits enables precise control through quantum state transitions rather than traditional electronic control mechanisms, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining operational accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes changes in quantum parameters (energy levels, coupling strengths, transition speeds) to achieve precise quantum gate operations. By controlling the speed of transitions (adiabatic vs. non-adiabatic) and adjusting coupling parameters between the resonator and qubits, the system achieves accurate gate operations without requiring complex electronic control systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If adiabatic transitions are used to exchange energy states between qubits and resonator, then the accuracy of quantum state control is improved, but the operation time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of quantum state controlVSAvoidoperation time of quantum gates
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs periodic control of coupling between the resonator and qubits, alternating between adiabatic coupling (for accurate state exchange) and decoupling (for state preservation). This periodic action enables the system to achieve both high accuracy and reasonable operation speed by rhythmically switching between different coupling regimes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically adjusts the coupling strength between the resonator and qubits during operation. By making the coupling time-dependent and controlling when strong coupling occurs versus when weak coupling occurs, the system optimizes both the accuracy of state transfer and the overall operation time, rather than maintaining a static coupling regime

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Adaptability or versatility

If multiple qubits are coupled to a common resonator to perform CNOT operations, then the versatility of quantum operations is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveversatility of quantum operationsVSAvoidcomplexity of quantum circuit
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a universal quantum gate system where a single resonator coupled to multiple qubits can perform both single-qubit operations and two-qubit CNOT operations. The same resonator-qubit coupling mechanism serves multiple functions by adjusting control parameters, eliminating the need for separate control mechanisms for different gate types and thereby reducing overall device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The resonator serves as an intermediary element that mediates interactions between multiple qubits. Rather than requiring direct qubit-qubit coupling for two-qubit operations, the resonator acts as a shared bus that enables CNOT operations through controlled energy exchange, simplifying the quantum circuit architecture while maintaining operational versatility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces the complexity and cost of quantum computing by enabling accurate control of quantum gates with digital control signals, allowing for efficient execution of quantum logic operations.

Implementation Method 1

Transitioning the respective classical control parameter between the first and second control points at the adiabatic transition speed causes exchanging energy states of the respective qubit and the resonator as an energy level avoids an energy crossing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdiabatic transition:

Implementation Method 2

transitioning the respective classical control parameter between the first and second control points at the non-adiabatic transition speed causes preserving the energy states of the respective qubit and the resonator as the energy level jumps the energy crossing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNon-adiabatic transition:

Implementation Method 3

At least one of the first and second qubits comprises a Josephson junction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJosephson effect: Josephson Effect

Data Source

PatentEP2171653B1Arbitrary quantum operations with a common coupled resonator
Publication Date: 2018.10.10 NORTHROP GRUMMAN SYSTEMS CORP
  • EP2171653B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP2171653B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP2171653B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A quantum logic gate is formed from multiple qubits coupled to a common resonator, wherein quantum states in the qubits are transferred to the resonator by transitioning a classical control parameter between control points at a selected one of slow and fast transition speeds, relative to the characteristic energy of the coupling, whereby a slow transition speed exchanges energy states of a qubit and the resonator, and a fast transition speed preserves the energy states of a qubit and the resonator.