Quantum Phase Difference Sensing Without High-Voltage Protection Circuits
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for measuring the phase difference between voltage and current in electrical equipment require protection circuits due to high voltages and currents, leading to larger and more expensive equipment, and there is a need to measure phase differences between magnetic and electric fields with high sensitivity to detect equipment failures.
Innovation Solution
A phase difference measurement device using a quantum sensor element, such as diamond with nitrogen vacancy centers, that measures electron spin states under electromagnetic irradiation to calculate phase differences between magnetic and electric fields without direct electrical connection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If protection circuits are used to measure phase difference in high voltage/current electrical equipment, then measurement reliability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces magnetic field and electric field as intermediaries to indirectly measure current and voltage phases. Instead of directly measuring high voltage/current with protection circuits, the quantum sensor measures the magnetic field generated by current and the electric field from voltage, then calculates phase difference from these field measurements. This intermediary approach eliminates the need for complex protection circuits while maintaining measurement reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the traditional electrical measurement system (current transformers, voltage transformers, protection circuits) with a quantum sensor-based field measurement system. The quantum sensor uses quantum effects to detect magnetic and electric fields, substituting the mechanical/electrical transformation approach with a quantum detection approach, thereby simplifying the device structure.
2Measurement precision
If quantum sensor elements are used to measure electron spin states, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to complex electromagnetic irradiation requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic electromagnetic irradiation (microwave pulses) to manipulate electron spin states in the quantum sensor. By using periodic pulse sequences, the system achieves precise phase difference measurement through repeated measurements and statistical analysis, improving precision while making the operation more systematic and manageable despite the complexity of electromagnetic control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables high-sensitivity measurement of phase differences between magnetic and electric fields around electrical equipment, allowing for early detection of equipment failures and reducing the need for protective circuits, thus minimizing equipment size and cost.
Implementation Method 1
a quantum sensor element, such as diamond with nitrogen vacancy centers, that measures electron spin states under electromagnetic irradiation to calculate phase differences between magnetic and electric fields
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention measures, with high sensitivity, the phase difference between a plurality of physical fields. A phase difference measurement device (10) comprises: an electromagnetic irradiation unit (2) that repeatedly irradiates a quantum sensor element (1) with electromagnetic waves for manipulating an electron spin state of the quantum sensor element (1) which changes via interaction with a second physical field or a first physical field generated by an AC signal; and a phase difference measurement unit (3) that acquires a plurality of electron spin states after interaction with the second physical field or the first physical field, and measures the phase difference between a plurality of physical fields on the basis of the acquired plurality of electron spin states.