Multi-Source Quantum Photonic TRNG for High-Quality Bitstreams
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current random number generators in secure computing systems lack high-quality, high-speed, and cost-effective solutions for generating random bit streams, which is critical for cryptographic methods and secure communications, often leading to security breaches due to inadequate randomness sources.
Innovation Solution
A multi-source true random number generator (TRNG) system utilizing a photonic entropy source with multiple independent entropy sources, such as time intervals and superimposed quantum states, processed through multi-radix extractors to produce high-quality random bitstrings, implemented in a hybrid integrated circuit for enhanced throughput and reliability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single-source random number generator is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the quality and throughput of random values deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the random number generation system into multiple independent entropy sources (e.g., thermal noise, shot noise, quantum effects) that are segmented and processed separately through individual extractors before being combined. This segmentation allows each source to contribute independently to the final random bit stream, improving overall randomness quality while maintaining manageable system complexity through modular architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple independent entropy sources and their respective extracted random values into a single composite random bit stream. By merging multiple sources of entropy through a composite extractor, the system achieves higher quality randomness and increased throughput compared to single-source generators, while the modular combining approach keeps device complexity controlled.
2Device complexity
If a single-source random number generator is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the throughput of random values deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the random value generation process into parallel channels, each handling a different entropy source with its own extractor. This parallel segmentation enables multiple entropy sources to contribute simultaneously to the output, dramatically increasing the throughput of random values while the modular structure prevents exponential growth in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a universal composite extractor that can process multiple types of entropy sources (thermal, shot, quantum) through a unified framework. This multi-functional extractor design allows the system to leverage diverse physical phenomena for random value generation, increasing throughput without requiring separate specialized processing paths for each entropy type.
3Reliability
If high-quality random values are generated through multiple sources, then the reliability is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The composite extractor is designed as a universal processing unit that can handle multiple entropy sources and extraction algorithms through a single integrated structure. This multi-functional design improves randomness quality by processing diverse entropy sources while avoiding the need for separate dedicated extractors for each source, thereby controlling the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs parameter-based configuration of extractors, where the same extractor structure can be adapted to process different entropy sources by changing operational parameters rather than requiring fundamentally different hardware structures. This parameter-driven approach maintains extractor structural simplicity while achieving high-quality random value generation from multiple sources.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system generates higher quality and higher throughput random values, addressing the limitations of single-source designs by leveraging independent entropy sources, resulting in a more reliable and cost-effective solution for secure computing applications.
Implementation Method 1
random superimposed quantum states... a random sequence of time intervals of the production of photons, and the randomness present in measurements of a superimposed quantum state based on those photons
Implementation Method 2
produce photon sequences at randomly distributed time intervals... each production of a photon from a photon source
Implementation Method 3
Such a superimposed quantum state may be created, for example, by passing the photon or some other quantum information carrier through a quantum logic gate such as a Hadamard gate or Chrestenson gate
Implementation Method 4
A duration determined from measuring the time interval between the production of a detected photon and the detection of the last photon and a measurement of the decoherence of a superimposed quantum state
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of systems and methods for a multi-source true random number generator (TRNG) are disclosed. A set of values is generated from each of the sources of randomness and an extractor is applied each of the set of values to produce a set of random values from each source. At least one extractor for at least one of the sources is a multi-radix extractor. The sets of values generated from each source of randomness can be composited to generate a random bitstring as the output of the TRNG.