Quantum Processor Topology Using Long-Range Couplers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Analog processors, such as quantum processors, face limitations in coupling qubits due to a limited number of physical couplers, leading to increased computational overhead, reduced accuracy, and the need for additional resources and time when coupling non-adjacent qubits.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a quantum processor topology that includes inter-cell couplers for adjacent cells and long-range couplers for non-adjacent cells, allowing for controllable communicative coupling between qubits over greater distances without requiring additional intervening qubits or couplers, thereby reducing computational overhead.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If additional couplers are added to enable coupling between non-adjacent qubits, then coupling capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces long-range couplers that operate in a different coupling dimension - instead of requiring sequential coupling through multiple intermediate qubits (spatial dimension), the long-range coupler provides direct coupling across non-adjacent cells (longitudinal dimension). This dimensional change in coupling approach reduces the number of couplers needed while maintaining versatility.
2Adaptability or versatility
If coupling chains through multiple qubits are used to connect non-adjacent qubits, then coupling is achieved, but computational overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the coupling function from the qubit chain and places it in a dedicated long-range coupler. Instead of using multiple qubits and inter-cell couplers to bridge non-adjacent cells, the long-range coupler directly provides the coupling path, removing the need for intermediate qubits and reducing computational overhead.
3Adaptability or versatility
If more qubits are used to bridge non-adjacent cells, then coupling capability is improved, but resource consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The long-range coupler serves multiple functions: it enables direct coupling between non-adjacent qubits, reduces the need for additional intermediate qubits, and maintains system versatility. This multi-functional component improves coupling capability without increasing qubit count.
Data Source
AI summary
Topologies for analog computing systems are provided. Qubits in the topology are grouped into cells, and cells are coupled to adjacent cells by inter-cell couplers. At least some cells are coupled to non-adjacent cells via long-range couplers. Long-range couplers may be arranged into coverings so that certain sets of qubits within a covering region may be coupled with a reduced number of couplers. Each cell within a covering region without a long-range coupler may be proximate to a cell with a long range coupler so that each cell within the covering region is no more than a certain coupling distance away from a long-range coupler. Long-range couplers may couple over a greater physical distance than inter-cell couplers. Long-range couplers may couple to qubits over a larger coupling region, and may extend across multiple crossing regions between qubits.