Quantum Random Number Generator With Differential Noise Cancellation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing quantum random number generators face challenges in achieving high-speed operation while maintaining reliability and reducing electrical noise interference and component complexity.
Innovation Solution
A high-speed quantum random number generator utilizing vacuum state fluctuation technology, which employs an unequal proportion optical splitter to divide laser signals into strong and weak beams, differential detectors for differentiation, amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion to generate high-speed digital random numbers, effectively canceling electrical noise and reducing component count.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If traditional quantum random number generators use equal proportion optical splitting and multiple adjustable components, then measurement precision can be maintained, but device complexity increases and production efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs an unequal proportion optical splitter that divides the laser signal into two beams with different intensities (first light beam and second light beam), rather than using equal proportion splitting. This asymmetric division simplifies the overall device structure by eliminating the need for multiple adjustable components while maintaining the ability to generate high-quality random numbers through vacuum state fluctuation detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The differential detector in the patent performs multiple functions simultaneously: it detects vacuum state fluctuations, cancels electrical noises through differential measurement, and processes both the first and second light beams. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components, thereby simplifying the device structure without compromising measurement precision.
2Ease of manufacture
If quantum random number generators use multiple adjustable components for precise measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but manufacturing complexity and debugging process increase
Solution Approach 1:
By using unequal proportion optical splitting, the system achieves precise detection of vacuum state fluctuations without requiring multiple adjustable components. The asymmetric design fixes the splitting ratio, simplifying manufacturing and reducing debugging requirements while maintaining detection precision through the differential detection scheme.
Solution Approach 2:
The differential detector structure enables self-cancellation of electrical noises through the subtraction of signals from the first and second photodetectors. This self-service mechanism eliminates the need for additional noise filtering components and automatic adjustment mechanisms, thereby simplifying manufacturing while maintaining measurement precision.
3Productivity
If high-speed operation is implemented in quantum random number generators, then productivity increases, but electrical noise interference and reliability issues worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful electrical noises into a beneficial effect by using differential detection. The subtraction operation in the differential detector cancels out common-mode electrical noises while preserving the quantum signal, enabling high-speed operation with improved signal reliability. This approach allows the system to operate at high speeds without sacrificing reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The unequal proportion optical splitting is performed in advance to create the first and second light beams with different intensities before detection. This preliminary action prepares the signal paths for differential detection, enabling high-speed operation while maintaining reliability through pre-configured noise cancellation capability.
4Device complexity
If unequal proportion optical splitting is used to simplify device structure, then device complexity is reduced, but signal balance and measurement precision may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The unequal proportion optical splitter intentionally creates asymmetric light beam intensities, which simplifies the device structure by eliminating the need for balanced beam splitting and additional adjustment components. The asymmetric design is compensated for through the differential detection scheme, which maintains measurement precision by detecting the difference rather than requiring equal intensities.
Solution Approach 2:
The differential detector acts as an intermediary that processes the unequal light beams from the unequal proportion splitter. By subtracting the signals from the first and second photodetectors, the differential detector compensates for the intensity imbalance introduced by the unequal splitter, thereby maintaining measurement precision while allowing the use of simplified asymmetric optical splitting.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The generator achieves high-speed digital random number generation with improved reliability, reduced component count, and enhanced production efficiency by canceling electrical noise and minimizing the debugging process.
Implementation Method 1
an unequal proportion optical splitter... A laser signal emitted by the laser light source is divided into n first light beams and n second light beams by the unequal proportion optical splitter
Implementation Method 2
a first photodetector and a second photodetector arranged in parallel... The first light beam and the second light beam are respectively input to the first photodetector and the variable optical attenuator
Implementation Method 3
A basic principle of vacuum state fluctuation technology is that: in quantum optics, orthogonal components of amplitude and phase of a vacuum state in a phase space cannot be precisely detected simultaneously
Data Source
AI summary
A high-speed quantum random number generator includes a laser light source, an unequal proportion optical splitter configured split a laser signal emitted by the laser light source into n first light beams and n second light beams, n differential detectors, n amplifiers, n analog-to-digital converters, and a programmable logic device. Input ends of each of the differential detectors is coupled to the unequal proportion optical splitter and configured to receive one of the first light beams and one of the second light beams. An input end of each of the amplifiers is coupled to an output end of a corresponding one of the differential detectors. An input end of each of the analog-to-digital converters is coupled to an output end of a corresponding one of the amplifiers. An output end of each of the analog-to-digital converters is connected to an input end of the programmable logic device.