Quantum Signature Scheme Multi-Verifier Verification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing quantum signature schemes are limited by a one-to-one relationship between signers and verifiers, requiring multiple quantum state transmissions for non-repudiation, which increases costs and reduces efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A quantum signature scheme that allows multiple verifiers to validate a signature by sharing secret keys and Bell states, using encoding values and random bit strings to verify the signature, reducing the number of quantum states transmitted.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple quantum states are transmitted for non-repudiation service in existing quantum signature schemes, then security is provided, but transmission costs increase and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-establishing secret keys between the signer and multiple verifiers before the actual signing operation. This allows the signature to be verified by multiple verifiers without requiring additional quantum state transmissions, thus reducing transmission costs while maintaining non-repudiation security
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements universality by designing a quantum signature scheme where a single signature can be verified by multiple verifiers simultaneously. The secret key is shared with multiple verifiers, enabling one signature to serve multiple verification purposes, thereby improving efficiency and reducing the need for multiple separate quantum transmissions
2Reliability
If existing quantum signature schemes are used, then non-repudiation is achieved, but the number of quantum communications increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary key distribution between the signer and multiple verifiers before the signing phase. This preliminary action eliminates the need for multiple round-trip quantum communications during verification, reducing the total number of quantum communication rounds and saving time
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the verification process for multiple verifiers into a single signature operation. Instead of requiring separate quantum communications for each verifier, the scheme allows all verifiers to independently verify the same signature using their shared secret keys, thereby combining multiple verification operations into one efficient process
3Reliability
If a one-to-one relationship between signer and verifier is maintained, then quantum signature security is preserved, but adaptability to multiple verifiers is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extends the one-to-one quantum signature relationship to a one-to-n relationship by allowing the signer to share secret keys with multiple verifiers. The signature mechanism remains secure while gaining the versatility to support multiple verifiers, thus improving adaptability without compromising security
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the verification capability by distributing secret keys to multiple independent verifiers. Each verifier maintains independent verification authority while the overall system preserves security through the quantum cryptographic protocol, enabling both security and multi-verifier adaptability
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus and method for a reliable quantum signature. The method using the apparatus for a reliable quantum signature includes preparing a quantum signature by sharing a first secret key and a first Bell state with a signer's terminal device and by sharing a second secret key and a second Bell state with a verifier's terminal device; signing, by the signer's terminal device, a message with the quantum signature using a first encoding value, the first secret key, and the first Bell state; verifying, by the apparatus, the quantum signature of the message using the first encoding value, the first secret key, and the first Bell state; and finally verifying, by the apparatus, the quantum signature of the message using the verifier's terminal device, a second encoding value, a third encoding value, the second secret key, and the second Bell state.