Antenna Chip Qubit Annealing for Localized Josephson Junction Heating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional qubit annealing methods, such as thermal annealing using photonic lasers, are limited in their ability to facilitate independent and concurrent localized annealing of multiple qubits on a multi-qubit chip, leading to serial annealing and increased noise due to complexity and frequency collisions.
Innovation Solution
The use of an antenna chip positioned above a superconducting qubit chip to direct electromagnetic waves towards Josephson junctions, allowing for precise and localized annealing without modifying existing quantum circuitry, enabling independent and concurrent annealing of multiple qubits with distinct levels of annealing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If traditional photonic laser annealing is used, then qubit annealing can be performed, but independent and concurrent localized annealing of multiple qubits is limited, resulting in serial annealing and increased noise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the annealing system into multiple independent antenna elements, each capable of independently annealing specific qubits. This segmentation allows parallel annealing operations across multiple qubits simultaneously, transforming the traditional serial annealing process into a concurrent multi-qubit annealing system, thereby improving productivity without proportionally increasing system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new spatial dimension for annealing by positioning antennas in three-dimensional space above the qubit chip. By controlling the vertical distance and horizontal positioning of antenna elements, the system achieves localized annealing of specific qubits without affecting neighboring qubits. This dimensional approach enables concurrent annealing of multiple qubits at different spatial locations, resolving the contradiction between annealing throughput and system complexity
2Reliability
If photonic laser annealing is used, then qubit annealing can be achieved, but frequency collisions and quantum cross-talk increase due to inability to precisely tune qubit frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by enabling independent frequency control for each qubit through dedicated antenna elements. Each antenna can be tuned to resonate at a specific frequency matching its target qubit's transition frequency, allowing precise local annealing without affecting neighboring qubits. This localized frequency control eliminates frequency collisions and quantum cross-talk, improving qubit operation reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by adjusting the resonant frequency of individual antenna elements to match the transition frequencies of different qubits. This frequency parameter adjustment enables selective annealing of specific qubits while maintaining their unique frequency identities, preventing frequency collisions and reducing quantum cross-talk during concurrent annealing operations
3Reliability
If variable-frequency qubits with tuning circuitry are used, then frequency control can be achieved, but noise is introduced during qubit operation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary approach by using separate antenna elements as mediators between the control system and the qubits. These antennas perform the frequency tuning function externally, allowing the qubits themselves to remain simple fixed-frequency elements without onboard tuning circuitry. This eliminates noise-generating tuning components from the qubit chip while maintaining frequency control capability through the intermediary antenna system
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/electrical tuning circuitry that would be integrated into variable-frequency qubits with an external electromagnetic field-based tuning mechanism. Instead of using physical tuning components that generate noise during operation, the system uses precisely controlled electromagnetic fields from antennas to achieve frequency matching, substituting a cleaner electromagnetic interaction for noisy mechanical tuning components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for efficient and precise annealing of multiple qubits simultaneously, reducing noise and frequency collisions, and improving the overall annealing process by leveraging existing quantum circuitry on the qubit chip.
Implementation Method 1
A first antenna can be on the antenna chip. The first antenna can direct a first electromagnetic wave toward the first qubit... A first length of the first defined vertical gap can be sized to cause the first electromagnetic wave to circumscribe a first set of one or more capacitor pads of the first qubit, thereby annealing the first Josephson junction of the first qubit
Data Source
AI summary
Systems, computer-implemented methods, and techniques facilitating antenna-based thermal annealing of qubits are provided. In one example, a first antenna can be positioned above a superconducting qubit chip having a first Josephson junction and a second Josephson junction. The first antenna can direct a first electromagnetic wave toward the first Josephson junction. A first length of a first defined vertical gap, between the first antenna and the superconducting qubit chip, can be sized to cause the first electromagnetic wave to circumscribe a first set of one or more capacitor pads of the first Josephson junction, thereby annealing the first Josephson junction, without annealing the second Josephson junction. In another example, the first length of the first defined vertical gap can be a function of a model of the first electromagnetic wave as a cone, wherein the cone originates from the first antenna and extends toward the superconducting qubit chip.