Quench Wall Wetting in Isocyanate Production

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing processes for preparing isocyanates by reacting amines with phosgene often result in subsequent reactions and solid deposits on the walls of the quench, leading to yield losses and reduced plant uptime due to incomplete wetting and slow drainage of condensate.

Innovation Solution

A process where the walls of the quench are substantially completely wetted with a liquid quench medium to prevent droplet formation and ensure rapid discharge of condensate, thereby avoiding secondary reactions and solid deposits.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a liquid quench is used to cool the reaction gas, then the cooling effect is achieved, but wall regions with little liquid wetting occur and droplet-shaped condensate drains off slowly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling effectVSAvoiddrainage speed
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the physical state of the quench medium from liquid to vapor by introducing it in vapor form into the quench zone. This parameter change allows the quench medium to uniformly wet the walls without forming droplet-shaped condensate, thereby maintaining effective cooling while improving drainage speed and preventing solid deposits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Temperature

If liquid quench medium is added to cool the reaction gas, then rapid cooling is achieved, but secondary reactions and solid deposits form on the walls

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling rateVSAvoidsecondary reactions and solid deposits
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

By changing the quench medium from liquid to vapor state, the patent eliminates the formation of droplet-shaped condensate that causes secondary reactions and solid deposits. The vapor form ensures complete wall wetting without creating conditions for harmful by-products, while maintaining rapid cooling effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Device complexity

If the quench walls are not completely wetted, then liquid quenching is simpler, but droplet-shaped condensate forms and drains off slowly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequench implementationVSAvoidresidence time
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the state of the quench medium to vapor, which naturally provides complete wall wetting without requiring complex liquid distribution systems. This parameter change ensures that all wall surfaces are uniformly coated, eliminating dead zones where condensate would accumulate and extend residence time unnecessarily.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Complete wetting of the quench walls prevents undesirable reactions and deposits, enhancing yield and extending plant operation time by ensuring efficient condensate drainage and preventing solid buildup.

Implementation Method 1

The reaction gas cools down rapidly to temperatures generally between 100 and 200° C. as a result of the sprayed-in liquid stream

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

This creates a two-phase mixture with an isocyanate-rich liquid phase and an isocyanate-poor gas phase

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Data Source

PatentEP2417100B1Method for producing isocyanates
Publication Date: 2017.07.12 BASF SE

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for producing isocyanates by reacting the corresponding amines with phosgene, optionally in the presence of an inert medium, wherein phosgene and amine are first mixed and are converted in a reactor to form isocyanate, wherein a reaction gas containing isocyanate and hydrogen chloride leaving the reactor is cooled in a quench by adding a liquid quenching medium, wherein a mixture of reaction gas and quenching medium results as a product stream. The walls of the quench are wetted with a liquid substantially completely.