QUIC Signaling for Low-Latency Live Streaming
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current live streaming technologies face challenges in achieving low-latency interactions due to high end-to-end latency, which hinders real-time interactivity and the growth of the live streaming ecosystem, and existing signaling protocols like HTTP and UDP lack security authentication mechanisms.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a QUIC signaling interaction process that enables secure and efficient peer-to-peer transmission by computing symmetric keys for encrypting SDP messages and using QUIC's secure and reliable UDP-based multiplexing, supporting both initial and non-initial connections for improved latency and security.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional live streaming protocols (RTMP, HLS, FLV) are used, then compatibility and large-scale concurrency are supported, but end-to-end latency cannot be reduced below 4-6 seconds
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the transmission protocol parameters from traditional RTMP/HLS/FLV to a custom low-latency protocol based on WebRTC technology. This involves modifying key parameters such as buffering time, packet size, and transmission mode to achieve millisecond-order latency while maintaining compatibility through standardized interfaces.
2Loss of time
If WebRTC-based peer-to-peer transmission is implemented to reduce latency, then real-time interactivity is improved, but system complexity increases due to media negotiation and signaling requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a signaling server as an intermediary to manage the complex media negotiation process. The signaling server handles SDP exchange, ICE candidate collection, and connection establishment between peer nodes, thereby reducing the complexity burden on individual clients while enabling low-latency peer-to-peer transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the live streaming system into independent functional modules: signaling interaction module, media negotiation module, and media transmission module. Each module handles specific tasks independently, making the overall complex system more manageable and maintainable while achieving low-latency performance.
3Ease of manufacture
If HTTP signaling is used for interaction, then ease of implementation is achieved, but transmission efficiency is reduced due to TCP three-way handshake
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the TCP-based HTTP signaling mechanism with a UDP-based signaling approach. This substitution eliminates the need for TCP three-way handshake and complex flow control mechanisms, significantly reducing signaling establishment time and improving transmission efficiency while maintaining implementation feasibility.
4Productivity
If UDP signaling is used for interaction, then transmission efficiency is improved by avoiding handshake, but reliability deteriorates due to lack of security authentication mechanism
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements security authentication mechanisms in advance during the signaling phase. Public key exchange and session key establishment are performed before media transmission begins, ensuring that subsequent UDP-based media data transmission is secure and authenticated, thereby combining the efficiency of UDP with the reliability of security protocols.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to the technical field of communications, and relates to an interaction method, system and apparatus, and a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. The interaction method includes: performing media capability negotiation with a client according to a QUIC protocol; and establishing a P2P media transmission channel with the client, so as to transmit media data with the client by means of the P2P media transmission channel.