Radar Level Gauge Calibration Using Real-Time Sampler Delay

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional distance measuring devices using electromagnetic pulses struggle with high accuracy due to the fast duration of echo peaks, which require complex and expensive designs for real-time sampling, and temperature-dependent clock references in radar level gauges lead to significant measurement drift.

Innovation Solution

A device and method for calibrating a radar level gauge using a real-time sampler with a calibration signal of known frequency to determine the average sample time delay, allowing for accurate distance measurements by correlating the sampled signal with the calibration signal, thereby mitigating temperature-induced drift.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If real-time sampling is used to capture fast echo peaks, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistance measurement accuracyVSAvoidsampler complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex hardware time-to-digital converters with a software-based calibration approach. A calibration signal with known frequency characteristics is used to determine average sample time delay, which is then applied to correct distance measurements. This substitutes complex sampling hardware with simpler sampling combined with post-processing calibration, reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If temperature-stable clock reference is used, then reliability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature stabilityVSAvoidclock reference complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a calibration process where a calibration signal with known frequency is sampled, and the average sample time delay is determined from the sampled calibration signal. This creates a feedback mechanism that characterizes the sampler's timing behavior under actual operating conditions, allowing temperature-induced drift to be compensated without requiring expensive temperature-stable clock references.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a calibration signal that copies the essential timing characteristics of actual measurement signals but with known frequency properties. By analyzing the sampled calibration signal, the system can determine average sample time delay and use this information to correct subsequent measurements, effectively creating a reference model for timing correction without requiring stable hardware references.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

3Measurement precision

If conventional mixing is used to expand pulse response, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverange resolutionVSAvoidsignal processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex analog mixing and time-expansion hardware with direct real-time sampling of the reflected pulse train. Instead of mixing the reflected signal with the transmitted signal to create time-expanded pulses, the system directly samples the reflected pulses at high speed and uses calibration-based timing correction to achieve precise range measurement, significantly simplifying the signal processing hardware.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables precise distance measurements by stabilizing the sampling process against temperature variations, ensuring accurate and reliable operation in radar level gauges and other distance measurement applications.

Implementation Method 1

a real time sampler for receiving an input signal and sampling the input signal to provide a sampled input signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSampling:

Implementation Method 2

A distance measurement device, or ranging device, is based on the principle that an electromagnetic pulse is transmitted towards a surface or an object, and a reflected pulse is received

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic radiation:

Implementation Method 3

an electromagnetic pulse is transmitted towards a surface or an object, and a reflected pulse is received

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 4

The distance can then be determined based on the time-of-flight of the pulse to the surface or object and back

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime of flight: Time of Flight

Data Source

PatentEP2591321B1Calibration of a distance measuring device
Publication Date: 2018.10.24 ROSEMOUNT TANK RADAR
  • EP2591321B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP2591321B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2591321B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

Calibration of a device using electromagnetic waves to determine a distance to a surface, which device comprises a pulse generator, a real time sampler and a calibration unit having a signal generator for generating a calibration signal with a predefined frequency. In a calibration mode, the real time sampler receives the calibration signal, and an average sample time delay of the sampler is determined based on the sampled calibration signal and the known calibration frequency. In a measurement mode, the real time sampler receives a reflection signal and the distance is determined based on a sampled reflection signal and the average sample time delay. Knowledge of the average delay of the sampler makes it possible to exactly determine the distance (in time and thus space) between two points in the sampled signal.