Radar Transmitter Phase Calibration Using RF Predistortion

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing radar systems suffer from RF impairments such as gain/amplitude imbalance, phase imbalance, leakage, and DC offset, which degrade the accuracy of phase control and hinder the performance of FMCW radar systems, particularly in high-frequency applications.

Innovation Solution

A self-calibrating mechanism using digital predistortion techniques to identify and quantify RF impairments through spectral analysis, applying correction to the phase rotator to improve phase accuracy by compensating for gain, phase, and DC offset errors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If high carrier frequencies and large transmission bandwidths are used to increase data throughput, then data rate is improved, but RF impairments such as gain/amplitude imbalance, phase imbalance, leakage, and DC offset increase, degrading system performance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata rateVSAvoidphase control accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary calibration of the phase rotator by measuring the spectral signature of RF impairments and applying predistortion corrections before actual radar operation. This advance preparation eliminates phase errors during normal high-frequency operation, allowing high data rates to be maintained without the degrading effect of RF impairments.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system takes the harmful RF impairments (gain imbalance, phase imbalance, leakage, DC offset) and converts them into useful information by measuring their spectral signatures. These measured impairments are then used to generate predistortion corrections that compensate for the original harmful effects, turning the problem into a solution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Measurement precision

If complex calibration procedures are used to correct RF impairments, then phase control accuracy is improved, but device complexity and calibration time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase control accuracyVSAvoidcalibration mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs self-calibration by automatically measuring its own RF impairments through spectral analysis and applying corrections without external intervention. The built-in test signal generator and spectral signature analyzer enable the phase rotator to self-diagnose and self-correct, eliminating the need for complex external calibration equipment or manual procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements a feedback loop where the spectral signature of RF impairments is continuously measured and used to adjust predistortion parameters. This closed-loop feedback mechanism automatically maintains phase control accuracy by adapting to changing conditions, replacing complex open-loop calibration procedures with a simple, adaptive feedback system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Measurement precision

If iterative refinement processes are used to minimize beating and improve calibration, then phase accuracy is improved, but calibration time and processing complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase accuracyVSAvoidcalibration time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary measurement of the spectral signature to identify the dominant RF impairments before applying corrections. This initial assessment allows the system to target the most significant errors first, achieving substantial phase accuracy improvement without requiring exhaustive iterative refinement, thus reducing calibration time while maintaining high precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3754360B1Built in self test transmitter phase calibration
Publication Date: 2026.01.07 NXP USA INC
  • EP3754360B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3754360B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3754360B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed are various embodiments for improving the accuracy of a phase associated with the radar signal by identifying a spectral signature associated with a radio frequency (RF) impairment and performing digital predistortion to enhance the radar performance and to compensate for the impairment that causes offset or imbalance of the phase rotator output cause signal distortion or otherwise degrade of the phase of the signal. The self-calibrating mechanism of the present disclosure is configured to identify the impairments, determine a spectral signature associated with the impairment, and optimize the phase error through digital predistortion of the RF signal based at least in part on the spectral signature associated with the impairment.