Radial Compressor Iris Inlet for Surge-Stable Supercharging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional radial compressors face challenges in simultaneously achieving a wide characteristic map, maximum efficiency, and minimizing moment of inertia, while maintaining stable operation during transient conditions and avoiding compressor surge, especially at low-end torque and high-speed conditions.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of an iris diaphragm mechanism with offset blades in the fresh air supply channel of the radial compressor, which allows for variable adjustment of the flow cross-section and acts as a blowoff valve to prevent surge, enabling active influence of the operating range and maintaining stability during sudden load shedding.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the compressor impeller is designed to minimize moment of inertia, then the response speed improves, but the stable operation range narrows and surge occurs more easily
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies the dynamics principle by implementing an adjustable inlet cross-section mechanism that can dynamically change the compressor inlet area during operation. This allows the system to adapt to different operating conditions, maintaining stable operation across a wider range while preserving the low moment of inertia design for rapid response capability.
2Power
If the compressor impeller is designed to maximize efficiency at rated load, then power output improves, but the characteristic map range narrows and low-end torque performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The adjustable inlet cross-section mechanism enables the compressor to dynamically optimize its performance characteristics. By varying the inlet area, the system can shift its characteristic map to maximize efficiency at rated load while maintaining adequate performance across the entire operating range including low-end torque conditions.
3Device complexity
If a fixed inlet cross-section is used, then the device complexity is reduced, but the characteristic map range is limited and surge cannot be prevented during transient conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic inlet cross-section adjustment mechanism that actively responds to operating conditions. This allows the system to prevent surge during transient conditions by adjusting the inlet area, while maintaining relatively simple construction through the use of an iris diaphragm mechanism with limited moving parts.
Data Source
AI summary
A radial compressor has an iris diaphragm mechanism for a pressure-charging device of an internal combustion engine. The radial compressor has a bearing assembly, in which a rotor shaft is rotatably mounted, having a compressor impeller arranged in a compressor housing for conjoint rotation on the rotor shaft and having a fresh air supply channel for carrying a fresh air mass flow to the compressor impeller. The iris diaphragm mechanism is upstream of the compressor impeller, allowing variable adjustment of a flow cross section for the fresh air mass flow for admission to the compressor impeller, at least over a partial region. The iris diaphragm mechanism has a plurality of blades, each having at least one first and one second blade section, wherein an offset is formed between the first blade section and the second blade section of the respective blade.