Radial Compressor Respiration Drive for Anesthesia Gas Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing anesthesia systems require complex control mechanisms to maintain a continuous gas flow for oxygen flushing and fresh gas supply, leading to inefficiencies and potential rebound effects in oxygen concentration, and complicate the operation of anesthetic evaporators.
Innovation Solution
A respiration system with a radial compressor in the rebreathing line, an oxygen flushing means integrated between the CO2 absorber and inspiratory branch, and a pressure sensor to regulate nonreturn valves, allowing for rapid oxygen flushing and constant fresh gas flow without continuous circuit flow, thus simplifying control and preventing oxygen rebound.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a continuous gas flow is maintained in the breathing circuit for oxygen flushing and fresh gas supply, then the oxygen distribution is improved, but the system complexity and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic action by using the radial compressor to generate pressure waves at specific intervals rather than maintaining continuous flow. The compressor activates periodically to create pressure surges that propagate oxygen through the breathing circuit, eliminating the need for continuous operation and reducing system complexity while maintaining reliable oxygen distribution.
Solution Approach 2:
The radial compressor performs preliminary action by pre-pressurizing the breathing circuit before oxygen flushing is needed. This pre-pressurization creates a ready state where oxygen can be rapidly distributed throughout the circuit when required, eliminating the need for continuous flow maintenance and reducing energy consumption.
2Device complexity
If a radial compressor is used to generate pressure waves for oxygen flushing, then the system complexity is reduced, but the control precision for maintaining constant flow decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback control by using sensors to monitor the actual gas flow and pressure in the breathing circuit. This feedback information is fed back to the control system, which adjusts the radial compressor activation timing and duration to maintain the desired constant flow, thereby compensating for the inherent imprecision of periodic compression and achieving the required flow control accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the frequency, amplitude, and duration of radial compressor activation based on real-time circuit conditions. These parameter modifications allow the system to maintain precise flow control despite using a simpler periodic compression mechanism instead of continuous flow generation.
3Productivity
If the oxygen flushing means is arranged in the rebreathing line, then the flushing efficiency is improved, but the risk of oxygen rebound effect increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses feedback control to monitor oxygen concentration in the breathing circuit in real-time. When oxygen flushing is initiated through the rebreathing line, the feedback system detects changes in oxygen concentration and automatically adjusts or terminates the flushing action to prevent oversaturation and rebound effects, thereby maintaining stable oxygen levels while preserving flushing efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The radial compressor delivers oxygen in controlled periodic pulses rather than continuous flow. This periodic delivery allows the circuit to equilibrate between pulses, preventing oxygen concentration buildup and rebound effects while maintaining efficient flushing through the rebreathing line when needed.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables efficient and rapid oxygen flushing of the entire breathing circuit and maintains a constant fresh gas flow for anesthetic evaporators, reducing system complexity and preventing oxygen concentration rebound, while ensuring low vacuum for spontaneous breathing.
Implementation Method 1
a radial compressor as a respiration drive, which is arranged in the rebreathing line
Implementation Method 2
a nonreturn valve, which opens when the pressure on the side of the nonreturn valve pointing towards the second end is above that on the side of the nonreturn valve pointing towards the first end
Implementation Method 3
a CO2 absorber arranged in the rebreathing line for absorbing CO2 contained in the breathing gas
Data Source
AI summary
A respiration system includes a patient connection (1), an inspiratory branch (3), an expiratory branch (13), a rebreathing line (99), a reservoir (25), a CO2 absorber (29), a radial compressor respiration drive (33), a fresh gas supply unit (51), an oxygen flushing device (55), connected to the rebreathing line, a pressure sensor (31) and an actuatable control valve (21), arranged in the rebreathing line between a second end (17) of the expiratory branch and the CO2 absorber. The compressor, oxygen flushing device and fresh gas supply unit are arranged in the rebreathing line between the CO2 absorber and a second end (7) of the inspiration branch. The compressor inlet points towards the CO2 absorber and the outlet points towards the second end of the inspiratory branch. The pressure sensor is arranged in the rebreathing line between the compressor and the second end of the inspiratory branch.