Radial Concentric UCA Antenna for OAM Signal Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Uniform circular array (UCA)-based orbital angular momentum (OAM) systems face challenges in maintaining signal strength and frequency efficiency as transmitter-receiver distance increases, leading to reduced receive signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and increased channel condition numbers, limiting their capacity and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a radial concentric uniform circular array (UCA) structure with a splitter, modulators, and demodulators, along with optimal precoder and combiner weights, to enhance channel capacity and spectral efficiency by improving signal transmission and reception across longer distances.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a traditional UCA-based OAM system is used, then the system structure is simple, but the receive signal-to-noise ratio decreases and channel condition number increases as transmitter-receiver distance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna array is segmented into multiple concentric circular sub-arrays with different radii. Each sub-array independently transmits OAM modes, and the receiver segments the received signal into components from each sub-array. This segmentation allows the system to maintain signal strength over distance by combining signals from multiple sub-arrays with different propagation characteristics, thereby improving receive SNR while keeping individual sub-array structures simple.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from a single-plane UCA to a multi-plane concentric UCA structure, adding the radial dimension to the traditional circular arrangement. By distributing antenna elements across multiple concentric circles with different radii, the system creates additional spatial degrees of freedom that improve signal reception at distance while maintaining manageable structural complexity through the regular concentric pattern.
2Device complexity
If a traditional UCA-based OAM system is used, then the antenna structure is simple, but the frequency efficiency decreases at long distances
Solution Approach 1:
The frequency spectrum is effectively segmented across multiple OAM modes transmitted by different concentric sub-arrays. Each sub-array can transmit independent OAM mode sequences, creating parallel communication channels that increase overall frequency efficiency. The segmentation of the antenna structure enables simultaneous transmission of multiple modes without interference, maintaining high spectral efficiency even at long distances where traditional single-array systems degrade.
Solution Approach 2:
The concentric UCA structure provides multi-functionality by enabling simultaneous transmission of multiple OAM modes from different sub-arrays through the same physical medium. This universal structure can adapt to transmit various mode combinations and can serve multiple communication functions (different data streams, different users) concurrently, thereby improving frequency efficiency without requiring complex reconfiguration of the basic antenna geometry.
3Productivity
If optimal precoding is applied to improve channel capacity, then the spectral efficiency increases, but the precoding complexity and feedback overhead increase
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of applying complex global precoding across the entire antenna array, the system applies simplified precoding locally at each concentric sub-array. Each sub-array uses its own precoding weights optimized for its specific geometry and transmission characteristics. This local quality approach reduces overall computational complexity while maintaining spectral efficiency by allowing independent optimization of each sub-array without requiring full-system coordination and feedback.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are an orbital angular momentum (OAM)-based transmitter, receiver, and communication method employing a radial concentric uniform circular array (UCA). The OAM-based communication method includes transmitting, by a transmitter, OAM multimode signals through a UCA-based transmitting antenna and receiving, by a receiver, the OAM multimode signals through a radial concentric UCA structure antenna including a plurality of UCA antennas. The plurality of UCA antennas each have the same number of antenna elements, and antenna elements having the same sequence number in the plurality of UCA antennas are on the same radial line in the radial concentric UCA structure antenna.