Radial Pulse Wave Sensing via Optical Displacement and Pressure Scanning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for measuring vascular pulse waves, such as pressure, volume, and photoplethysmography (PPG) pulse waves, suffer from issues like small dynamic measurement range, low signal-to-noise ratio, complex calibration, poor reproducibility, and interference from physiological parameters, making them inaccurate and unreliable.
Innovation Solution
A radial displacement pulse wave measuring device comprising a transparent airbag, pressure control module, displacement sensing module, and computing unit, which directly measures vascular radial displacement pulse waves with high precision and accuracy, using a transparent or non-transparent airbag to apply controlled pressure and a displacement sensing module to detect dynamic distance changes caused by arterial pulses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If pressure sensors are used to indirectly measure pressure pulse waves, then the measurement can be obtained, but the dynamic measurement range is small and the signal-to-noise ratio is low
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the indirect mechanical pressure sensing system with a direct optical measurement system. A laser displacement sensor measures the actual displacement of the blood vessel wall caused by pulse waves, eliminating the need for pressure sensors and airbags. This substitution achieves direct measurement of vascular radial displacement with high precision and wide dynamic range, resolving the contradiction between signal-to-noise ratio and dynamic measurement range.
2Measurement precision
If cuff-type airbag is used to measure vascular volume pulse waves, then the measurement can be obtained, but the details of the pulse wave disappear when air is compressed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the measurement function from the complex airbag system and implements it directly on the blood vessel wall using a laser displacement sensor. By removing the airbag intermediary, the system directly measures the radial displacement of the blood vessel wall, preserving all pulse wave details without the information loss caused by air compression in traditional cuff-type systems.
3Measurement precision
If PPG sensor is used to detect pulse waves, then the measurement can be obtained, but physiological parameter differences affect the measurement results
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the optical absorption-based PPG sensing system with a direct mechanical displacement measurement system using a laser displacement sensor. This substitution measures the actual physical displacement of the blood vessel wall rather than inferring pulse waves from light absorption changes, thereby eliminating the influence of subcutaneous tissue thickness and tissue light absorption properties that interfere with PPG measurements.
4Measurement precision
If ultrasonic echo imaging is used to measure radial displacement pulse waves, then the measurement can be obtained, but complex computations and calibrations are required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the displacement measurement function from the complex ultrasonic echo imaging system and implements it directly using a laser displacement sensor positioned above the blood vessel. This extraction eliminates the need for complex ultrasonic computations, image processing, and calibrations, providing direct and simple measurement of radial displacement pulse waves with high precision.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device provides accurate, high-resolution measurements of vascular radial displacement pulse waves, enabling detailed pulse wave analysis with real-time monitoring and broad applications in cardiovascular medicine and biomedical science.
Implementation Method 1
The displacement sensing module is configured to sense pulse beats of the artery and measure a dynamic distance between a skin of the measurement site and the displacement sensing module caused by the pulse beats of the artery
Implementation Method 2
The pressure control module is configured to control an internal pressure of the transparent airbag to control a downward pressure applied by the transparent airbag to the measurement site to enhance a pulse signal of the artery
Data Source
AI summary
A radial displacement pulse wave measuring device and application methods thereof are provided. The radial displacement pulse wave measuring device includes an airbag, a pressure control module, a displacement sensing module, and a computing unit. The pressure sensor of the pressure control module is configured to measure a vascular volumetric pulse wave of an artery, while the displacement sensing module is configured to measure a vascular radial displacement pulse wave by detecting dynamic distance variations between the displacement sensing module and a measure site covering the artery. The computing unit controls pressure adjustment of the airbag via the pressure control module and scanning via the displacement sensing module to optimize measurement conditions for accurately recording the vascular radial displacement pulse wave.