Nested Radiating Elements for Array Antenna TX/RX Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Designing a simplified feeding network for array antennas to physically separate transmit and receive paths is complex, especially in separating frequency bands, which complicates the design and increases requirements on filters or combiners.
Innovation Solution
The use of a simplified feeding network design in an antenna configuration with separate radiating elements for transmit and receive frequency bands, where the first radiating element supports one frequency band and the second radiating element supports another, without increasing the antenna size, allows for physical separation of transmit and receive paths.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If independent antennas are used for each frequency band with specific spacing, then suppression requirements on filters or combiners are reduced, but device complexity increases due to complex antenna arrangements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies nesting by placing the second radiating element (for receive frequency band) inside the structure formed by the first radiating element (for transmit frequency band). Specifically, four dipoles enclose to form the first radiating element, and the second radiating element is disposed on the inner side of this enclosure. This nested configuration allows frequency band separation without requiring external spacing between antennas, thereby reducing filter suppression requirements while avoiding the complexity of arranging multiple independent antennas with specific spacing.
2Device complexity
If broadband design is used with one antenna for different frequency bands, then device complexity is reduced, but suppression requirements on filters or combiners increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the antenna system into distinct radiating elements for different frequency bands. The first radiating element (formed by four enclosing dipoles) is configured to support a transmit frequency band, while the second radiating element disposed on its inner side is configured to support a receive frequency band. This segmentation of functions into separate physical elements enables frequency band separation, thereby reducing filter suppression requirements while maintaining a relatively simple integrated structure.
3Reliability
If transmit and receive frequency bands are separated in array antenna, then signal interference is reduced, but feeding network design becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The nested configuration of radiating elements provides inherent spatial separation between transmit and receive paths. The second radiating element is physically disposed on the inner side of the first radiating element structure, creating distinct electromagnetic paths for transmit and receive frequency bands. This physical separation through nesting simplifies the feeding network design compared to traditional array antenna approaches that require complex feeding arrangements to achieve similar separation.
Data Source
AI summary
This application provides an antenna and an array antenna. The antenna in this application includes a first radiating element and a second radiating element, where four dipoles enclose to form the first radiating element, and the second radiating element is a radiating element disposed on an inner side of the first radiating element. The first radiating element is configured to support a transmit frequency band, and the second radiating element is configured to support a receive frequency band; or the first radiating element is configured to support a receive frequency band, and the second radiating element is configured to support a transmit frequency band.