Radio MAC Scheduling with Transport Network Feedback

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional radio schedulers in central radio access networks (C-RAN) are unable to effectively adapt to congestion in statistical multiplexing transport networks, leading to uncontrolled delay and packet loss, which affects the quality of service for latency-critical and high-priority flows.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a Cooperative Transport Interface (CTI) to provide feedback from the transport network scheduler to the radio scheduler, allowing for adaptive MAC scheduling decisions based on transport network conditions, ensuring fair share allocation and prioritization of traffic to maintain end-to-end quality of service.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional radio schedulers operate independently without transport network feedback, then radio resource allocation can be optimized for wireless channel conditions, but transport network congestion cannot be detected or responded to, leading to uncontrolled delay and packet loss

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvequality of serviceVSAvoidscheduling system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the transport network scheduler provides congestion information to the radio scheduler. This allows the radio scheduler to adapt its scheduling decisions based on actual transport network conditions, preventing packet loss and delay by proactively adjusting radio resource allocation when congestion is detected.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the radio scheduling function with transport network scheduling information. By integrating transport network congestion status into the radio scheduling decision-making process, the system achieves coordinated optimization across both radio and transport layers without requiring completely separate scheduling systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Productivity

If radio scheduler allocates resources based solely on wireless channel conditions, then spectral efficiency is maximized, but transport network capacity constraints are violated, causing buffer overflow and packet loss

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission rateVSAvoidpacket delivery reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the radio scheduling dynamically adaptive to transport network conditions. The scheduler continuously adjusts its resource allocation based on real-time feedback from the transport network, transitioning between aggressive allocation (when transport capacity is available) and conservative allocation (when congestion is detected), thereby balancing throughput and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The transport network scheduler provides advance congestion information to the radio scheduler before actual packet loss occurs. This preliminary warning allows the radio scheduler to proactively reduce allocation or prioritize traffic before transport buffers overflow, preventing packet loss rather than reacting after it occurs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If transport network uses statistical multiplexing to increase capacity utilization, then network efficiency improves, but congestion becomes harder to predict and control, affecting latency-critical flows

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenetwork capacity utilizationVSAvoidtransmission delay
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies different scheduling strategies to different traffic types based on their requirements. Latency-critical and high-priority flows receive guaranteed resources and priority handling, while best-effort flows are subject to dynamic allocation based on available transport capacity. This local differentiation allows statistical multiplexing to benefit overall utilization without compromising time-sensitive traffic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces an intermediary feedback mechanism between the transport network scheduler and radio scheduler that specifically monitors conditions affecting latency-critical flows. This intermediary layer translates complex statistical multiplexing behavior into simple congestion indicators that the radio scheduler can use to protect time-sensitive traffic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3817487B1Radio mac scheduling based on front-haul transport capacity constraints
Publication Date: 2024.11.20 NOKIA SOLUTIONS & NETWORKS OY
  • EP3817487B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3817487B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3817487B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In certain embodiments, a 5G RAN network has a distributed unit (DU) connected to at least one remote unit (RU) via a transport network (TN) that handles both mobile front-haul (MFH) traffic between the DU and the RUs as well as non-MFH traffic with other end users. A radio scheduler in the DU performs medium access control (MAC) scheduling for the mobile user traffic, while a TN scheduler in the transport network performs TN scheduling for both the MFH and non-MFH traffic. The TN scheduler transmits information (e.g., MFH data-rate limits) to the radio scheduler that the radio scheduler uses to perform its subsequent MAC scheduling. In this way, the MAC scheduling can take into account transient constraints that exist in the transport network in order to avoid problems associated with congestion in the transport network due to the statistical nature of mobile user traffic as well as the non-MFH services.