Radio Node Association Checking for Relay Attack Defense
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing distance determination methods in wireless access systems are vulnerable to manipulation, making it difficult to securely authenticate devices and defend against relay attacks.
Innovation Solution
A method using a set of radio nodes with timers and a reference system to determine system transfer functions and time offsets, allowing for the association of a test radio node with a radio environment by analyzing signal interactions and identifying objects within the environment, thereby enhancing security against relay attacks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If distance determination methods are used for authentication, then authentication capability is provided, but the system becomes vulnerable to relay attacks and manipulation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the authentication process into multiple independent checks: distance bounding, radio environment identification, and association verification. Instead of relying on a single distance measurement, the system performs multiple measurements with reference radio nodes and compares results to detect relay attacks, thereby resolving the vulnerability while maintaining authentication capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces reference radio nodes as intermediaries that form a reference system. These reference nodes enable the test radio node to be associated with the radio environment through comparison of measured distances and system transfer functions, providing an additional layer of security that prevents relay attacks without compromising the original authentication mechanism
2Measurement precision
If multiple radio nodes and reference systems are deployed, then association checking accuracy is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the reference radio nodes multi-functional by using them for both distance measurement and radio environment identification. The same reference nodes that provide distance bounding also serve as anchors for identifying the radio environment through system transfer function analysis, thereby achieving high measurement precision without proportionally increasing system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameters being measured from simple distance values to include system transfer functions and time offsets. By analyzing multiple parameters (distance, system transfer function, time offset) simultaneously using the reference nodes, the system achieves accurate association checking while managing complexity through structured parameter collection and comparison
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method provides robust and efficient identification and defense against relay attacks by accurately determining the association of radio nodes and objects, enhancing the security of wireless access systems and authentication processes.
Implementation Method 1
signals are transmitted and received by radio nodes of the radio node set
Implementation Method 2
in each case a time offset being between the timers of the radio nodes
Implementation Method 3
There are a variety of methods for determining distance based on the measurement of phases and phase differences of reference signals in the frequency domain
Data Source
AI summary
A method for checking the association of radio nodes and objects to a radio environment with a radio node set having at least three radio nodes spaced apart from one another, each with a radio interface and its separate timer, wherein at least two radio nodes are reference radio nodes with known distances from one another and at least one radio node is a test radio node, the association of which with the radio environment of the reference radio node is checked. During a measuring process, signals are emitted and received by radio nodes of the radio node set, wherein at least two radio nodes of the radio node set operate as transceivers and at least one radio node exclusively operates as a transmitter or exclusively operates as a receiver or a transceiver.