Circulator-Less Radio Precoding for Even Antenna Power
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing circulator-less radio architectures face challenges in achieving even power levels across antennas due to antenna crosstalk, leading to inefficiencies in power amplifiers, and existing precoding techniques are not optimal for real-time processing.
Innovation Solution
A composite convex problem formulation using the Douglas-Rachford splitting algorithm is applied to optimize precoding, ensuring even power distribution across antennas through iterative optimization, which can be performed in the frequency-domain at baseband sampling rates.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If Zero-Forcing Precoder is used to minimize total transmit power, then power efficiency is improved, but power levels become uneven across antennas causing PA efficiency deterioration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the precoding parameters by incorporating per-antenna power constraints into the optimization problem, transforming the standard Zero-Forcing Precoder into a constrained optimization solution that balances power levels across antennas while maintaining overall power efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic iterative optimization using the Douglas-Rachford splitting algorithm that adapts precoding weights in real-time to achieve both power minimization and uniform distribution across antennas, rather than using static precoding weights
2Ease of operation
If per-antenna power constraint optimization is solved using primal-dual interior-point methods, then power level uniformity is improved, but computational complexity increases making real-time processing difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex primal-dual interior-point optimization problem into smaller sub-problems that can be solved iteratively using the Douglas-Rachford splitting algorithm, reducing computational complexity while maintaining solution quality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs computationally lighter iterative updates in the Douglas-Rachford algorithm that converge sufficiently for real-time processing, sacrificing the absolute optimality of interior-point methods for practical real-time performance
3Ease of operation
If iterative optimization is performed to evening power levels, then power distribution uniformity is improved, but processing latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial iteration of the Douglas-Rachford algorithm, performing a limited number of iterations that provide sufficient power leveling without completing full convergence, thus reducing latency while maintaining acceptable uniformity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary channel estimation and precoding weight initialization before the iterative optimization, allowing the iterative process to start from a near-optimal point and converge faster with fewer iterations
Data Source
AI summary
A method, system and apparatus are disclosed. A system including at least one wireless device and a network node configured to communicate with the at least one wireless device is provided. The network node includes an antenna array including a plurality of antennas. The network node is configured to determine at least one precoding matrix based on a Douglas-Rachford splitting convex optimization model between a per-antenna power constraint and a Multi-User Interference (MUI) requirement for evening the output power of the plurality of antennas of the antenna array. The network node is configured to cause transmission to the at least one wireless device using the antenna array based at least in part on the at least one precoding matrix.