Radioactive Effluent Treatment via Oxidation and Activated Carbon Filtration
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing treatment systems for effluents containing radioactive materials face issues with increased differential pressure in filtration apparatuses due to organic substances and bacteria, leading to frequent chemical cleaning needs and potential oxidation deterioration of ion-exchange resins, especially when treating floor drain effluents.
Innovation Solution
The method involves adding a small amount of an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, to the effluent before filtration, followed by filtration through activated carbon to remove the agent and prevent oxidation deterioration, and subsequent treatment through an ion-exchanger or reverse osmosis membrane.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If chemical cleaning is conducted frequently to reduce differential pressure, then filtration efficiency is maintained, but operator burden increases and oxidation deterioration of filtration film occurs
Solution Approach 1:
An oxidizing agent is added to the effluent before it enters the filtration apparatus to preliminarily oxidize and remove organic substances and bacteria. This preliminary action prevents these substances from accumulating on the filtration film, thereby suppressing differential pressure increase and reducing the frequency of chemical cleaning operations required.
2Ease of operation
If oxidizing agent is added to suppress differential pressure increase, then chemical cleaning frequency is reduced, but oxidation deterioration of ion-exchange resin occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The oxidizing agent is selectively removed from the effluent after the filtration step but before the effluent reaches the ion-exchange resin. This extraction ensures that the oxidizing agent does not contact the ion-exchange resin, preventing oxidation deterioration while maintaining the benefits of reduced differential pressure increase.
3Productivity
If multiple separate treatment systems are provided for different effluents, then treatment efficiency is improved, but space requirement increases
Solution Approach 1:
A single treatment system is designed to handle multiple types of effluents containing radioactive materials by incorporating an oxidizing agent addition step that effectively treats various organic substances and bacteria present in different effluent types. This multi-functional approach eliminates the need for separate treatment systems for each effluent type, thereby reducing space requirements while maintaining treatment efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively suppresses the increase in differential pressure, reduces the frequency of chemical cleaning, and prevents oxidation deterioration of ion-exchange resins, allowing for stable long-term treatment and simplification of the treatment system by enabling the handling of mixed effluents in a single system.
Implementation Method 1
adding a small amount of an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, to the effluent before filtration
Implementation Method 2
filtration through activated carbon to remove the agent
Implementation Method 3
subsequent treatment through an ion-exchanger or reverse osmosis membrane
Implementation Method 4
subsequent treatment through an ion-exchanger or reverse osmosis membrane
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus for treating an effluent containing radioactive materials: wherein an oxidizing agent is added to an effluent containing radioactive materials, and the effluent including the oxidizing agent is filtered with a filtration film to obtain filtrated water; and the filtrated water is filtered through activated carbon; and the filtered water filtered by the activated carbon is filtered through at least one of an ion-exchanger and reverse osmosis membrane.