Radiography Apparatus for Real-Time 3D Surgical Instrument Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for understanding the three-dimensional positional relationship between surgical instruments and human body structures during surgical operations and catheter treatments are hindered by the need for two-dimensional radioscopic images, which are difficult to interpret and require time-consuming processing of multiple images, making real-time positioning challenging.
Innovation Solution
A radiography apparatus with multiple radiation sources alternately emitting radiation and a detection unit generating radiographic images at predetermined intervals, allowing for the acquisition and processing of radiographic images as a moving image set to derive real-time three-dimensional positional information of feature points.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple radiographic images are captured to understand three-dimensional positional relationship, then the three-dimensional position can be understood, but the processing time increases and real-time understanding becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the radiographic images into a first radiographic image set from a first radiation source and a second radiographic image set from a second radiation source. By processing these segmented image sets separately and then combining the results, the system reduces the computational burden compared to processing all images simultaneously, thereby achieving real-time three-dimensional positional information while maintaining measurement precision.
2Loss of information
If radioscopic images are displayed to understand positional relationship, then imaging is possible, but the two-dimensional image makes it difficult to understand three-dimensional positional relationship
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the two-dimensional radioscopic images into three-dimensional positional information by processing image sets from multiple radiation sources at different positions. This dimensional transformation allows the system to represent the three-dimensional spatial relationship between surgical instruments and human body structures, making it easier for users to understand the positional relationships that are difficult to perceive in two-dimensional images.
3Measurement precision
If multiple imaging apparatuses are used to capture images from different angles, then three-dimensional information can be obtained, but the work space for the doctor is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the functions of multiple imaging apparatuses into a single imaging system that can capture radiographic images from multiple angles using multiple radiation sources. This consolidation maintains the ability to obtain three-dimensional positional information while preserving the doctor's work space, as the merged system can be positioned and operated flexibly during surgical procedures.
4Measurement precision
If a sensor is attached to a surgical instrument to understand its position, then real-time positioning is possible, but the sensor preparation and setup complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses radiographic images as an intermediary to determine the position of surgical instruments without requiring direct attachment of sensors to the instruments. By capturing images of the surgical instruments from multiple angles and processing these images to derive three-dimensional positional information, the system achieves real-time positioning while avoiding the complexity of sensor preparation and setup.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the user to understand the three-dimensional position of surgical instruments and human body structures in real time, reducing errors and surgery time by providing immediate and accurate positional information.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality of radiation sources that are provided at a predetermined interval; a detection unit that is provided so as to face the plurality of radiation sources, detects radiation which has been emitted from each of the plurality of radiation sources and transmitted through a subject
Data Source
AI summary
An image acquisition unit acquires a radiographic image set including a plurality of radiographic images, which have been generated by alternately irradiating a subject with radiation emitted from a plurality of radiation sources provided at different positions and alternately detecting the radiation transmitted through the subject using one detection unit, at a predetermined time interval. A feature point detection unit detects at least one common feature point in the subject from each of the plurality of radiographic images included in the radiographic image set. A positional information derivation unit derives three-dimensional positional information of the at least one feature point in the subject using a positional relationship between a position of the at least one feature point detected from each of the plurality of radiographic images on a detection surface of the detection unit and positions of the plurality of radiation sources.