Rail Vehicle Plug Connector Shielding Layer Design

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing plug connection devices for rail vehicles face challenges in achieving high data transmission rates while maintaining reliability and reducing susceptibility to faults and electromagnetic interference.

Innovation Solution

The plug connection device features a carrier with a signal layer for routing and a shielding layer to form a flat equipotential layer, reducing unwanted signal influence and electromagnetic radiation, and includes a shielding connection device for effective grounding of conductors, ensuring reliable redundancy and interference shielding.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a large number of contacts are attached to a carrier for high data transmission rates, then the data transmission capacity is improved, but the susceptibility to electromagnetic interference and faults increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata transmission rateVSAvoidsusceptibility to faults
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A shielding layer is introduced as an intermediary between the signal carrier and the external electromagnetic environment. This shielding layer acts as a mediator that blocks harmful electromagnetic fields from reaching the contacts while allowing the high data transmission rate to be maintained. The shielding layer is electrically connected to ground potential to effectively divert interference away from the signal paths.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The carrier is designed as a composite structure with multiple functional layers including a signal layer for data transmission and a shielding layer for electromagnetic protection. This composite construction allows the system to simultaneously achieve high data transmission rates through the signal layer while the shielding layer provides fault resistance by blocking electromagnetic interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Adaptability or versatility

If redundant contacts are arranged on both sides of a central axis for vehicle turnaround capability, then the adaptability is improved, but the complexity of the plug connection device increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevehicle turnaround capabilityVSAvoidplug connection device complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The signal layer merges multiple redundant contact paths into a single integrated conductive structure. Instead of treating each contact independently, the signal layer provides unified electrical connection between corresponding contacts on opposite sides of the central axis, reducing the number of separate connection elements while maintaining redundancy for vehicle turnaround capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The signal layer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides electrical connection for data transmission, establishes redundancy between complementary contacts, and enables vehicle turnaround capability. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated structures for each function, thereby simplifying the overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If signals are routed through plug connections between car bodies, then the connectivity is improved, but the exposure to ambient electromagnetic signals and spurious signals increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal transmission capabilityVSAvoidambient electromagnetic interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The shielding layer converts the harmful effect of electromagnetic interference into a beneficial grounding path. By providing a low-impedance connection to ground potential, the shielding layer actively directs electromagnetic interference away from the signal paths and into the ground, effectively neutralizing the harmful effects while maintaining signal transmission capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The shielding layer creates an equipotential surface at ground potential that surrounds and protects the signal paths. This equipotential shielding prevents potential differences caused by electromagnetic interference from inducing unwanted currents in the signal conductors, thereby reducing the impact of ambient electromagnetic signals while preserving signal transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #12Equipotentiality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration significantly improves signal shielding, reduces electromagnetic interference, and enhances compliance with EMC regulations by creating a low-impedance, vibration-resistant connection, thereby increasing data transmission reliability and fault resistance.

Implementation Method 1

the carrier has a signal layer for signal routing and a shielding layer for signal shielding. In this way, a flat equipotential layer with low impedance can be formed in the area of the signal layer, as a result of which significantly improved signal shielding can be achieved

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic shielding: Faraday Cage

Implementation Method 2

the signal layer and the shielding layer are electrically isolated from each other. In this way, a large-area layer with low impedance forms with the shielding layer, which prevents incoming or outgoing signals from spreading further

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical isolation: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP3168109B1Electrical contact coupling
Publication Date: 2018.07.25 VOITH PATENT GMBH
  • EP3168109B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3168109B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

The invention relates to a plug connection device for use in an electrical contact coupling of a rail vehicle, in particular a train, for connecting a plurality of electrical conductors of two rail vehicles, wherein the electrical conductors are designed for transmitting electrical signals and/or electrical power, comprising a carrier and a plurality of contacts attached thereto, wherein the contacts are arranged on both sides of a central axis and the contacts on one side of the central axis are designed to be complementary to contacts on the other side of the central axis, wherein at least one contact on one side of the central axis is designed to be redundant to a contact on the other side of the central axis. According to the invention, the carrier is provided to have two layers, wherein a first signal layer is designed for signal transmission and a second shielding layer is designed for signal shielding.