Railway Brake Pressure Closed-Loop Control Against Valve Drift
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing brake systems for railway vehicles suffer from open-loop control of brake pressure, leading to inaccuracies and complexity, particularly under brake and anti-slip conditions, and are affected by valve performance changes.
Innovation Solution
A closed-loop control system utilizing a microcomputer controller, brake pressure regulation mechanisms, and solenoid valves, including a deflation valve, holding valve, pressure sensor, and pneumatic valve, to achieve precise brake pressure control independent of valve performance degradation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If open-loop control is used for brake pressure, then the structure is simpler, but the brake pressure accuracy deteriorates and valve performance changes affect control reliability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements closed-loop control by introducing a pressure sensor that continuously monitors brake pressure and feeds back real-time data to the microcomputer controller. The controller compares actual pressure with target pressure and dynamically adjusts solenoid valve states to maintain precise pressure control, thereby resolving the contradiction between structural simplicity and pressure accuracy.
2Device complexity
If open-loop control is used for brake pressure, then the control system is simpler, but the reliability deteriorates due to valve performance changes
Solution Approach 1:
The closed-loop control system continuously monitors brake pressure via the pressure sensor and dynamically compensates for valve performance degradation. The microcomputer controller adjusts control signals to solenoid valves based on real-time pressure feedback, ensuring reliable brake pressure control even as valve characteristics change over time, thus resolving the reliability contradiction.
3Measurement precision
If closed-loop control is implemented with pressure sensor feedback, then brake pressure accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent achieves high brake pressure accuracy through closed-loop control using a pressure sensor and microcomputer controller that continuously monitor and adjust pressure via solenoid valves. This feedback mechanism resolves the accuracy improvement while managing complexity through integrated electronic control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex mechanical pressure control mechanisms with an electronic control system comprising a microcomputer controller, solenoid valves, and pressure sensor. This substitution achieves precise closed-loop pressure control while reducing overall mechanical complexity, as electronic control offers finer adjustment capabilities with simpler mechanical components.
4Measurement precision
If closed-loop control is implemented, then brake pressure accuracy improves, but response time may deteriorate due to additional control cycles
Solution Approach 1:
The closed-loop control system continuously monitors brake pressure and dynamically adjusts control signals without interruption. The pressure sensor and microcomputer controller operate continuously to maintain real-time pressure regulation, ensuring both high accuracy and rapid response by eliminating discrete control cycles and maintaining constant pressure management.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides high accuracy (±6 kpa) and rapid response (0-100% pressure regulation in 0.9 seconds) with closed-loop control, unaffected by valve performance changes, ensuring reliable brake pressure management under various conditions.
Implementation Method 1
a pressure sensor configured to feed back a brake pressure to the microcomputer controller
Implementation Method 2
a holding solenoid valve and a deflation solenoid valve that are controlled by the microcomputer controller
Implementation Method 3
an upper diaphragm pressed by the output pressure of the brake solenoid valve and a lower diaphragm pressed by the emergency pre-control pressure that are respectively disposed on two ends of the valve core, where the area of the upper diaphragm is greater than the area of the lower diaphragm, and when the pressure on the lower diaphragm is greater than the pressure on the upper diaphragm, the pneumatic valve is opened
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
The present invention relates to an apparatus for controlling a brake pressure of a railway vehicle, including: a microcomputer controller and a brake pressure regulation mechanism, where the brake pressure regulation mechanism includes a deflation valve, a holding valve, and a pressure sensor configured to feed back a brake pressure to the microcomputer controller; and a holding solenoid valve and a deflation solenoid valve that are controlled by the microcomputer controller, where a main air supply is connected to air inlets of the holding solenoid valve, the deflation solenoid valve, and the holding valve respectively, an air outlet of the holding solenoid valve is connected to first pressure ports of the deflation valve and the holding valve, an air outlet of the deflation solenoid valve is connected to second pressure ports of the deflation valve and the holding valve, a deflation port of the deflation valve is in communication with the atmosphere, and pressure output ports of the deflation valve and the holding valve are connected to a brake pipe. The deflation valve and the holding valve are driven through the holding solenoid valve and the deflation solenoid valve, to perform inflation, deflation, and pressure holding for the brake pressure, and implement closed-loop control. The present invention has the features of high control accuracy, a rapid response, and being free from impact of performance changes or degradation of valves.