Railway Coupling State Detection Using Inclination Sensors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for determining the coupling state of railway couplings with vertically movable elements, such as screw couplings, rely on visual inspection or indirect monitoring, which are inefficient and lack precision.

Innovation Solution

The use of inclination sensors attached to the coupling elements to record measured values indicating the vertical alignment, which are then used to determine the coupling state, allowing for reliable distinction between different states, and can be transmitted to an evaluation device for central monitoring.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If visual inspection or indirect monitoring methods are used to determine coupling state, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision and reliability are insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling state detection accuracyVSAvoidsensor system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces manual visual inspection and indirect monitoring methods with direct mechanical sensing using inclination sensors. The inclination sensor mechanically detects the vertical alignment of coupling elements through physical contact and gravitational reference, providing precise coupling state determination without requiring complex image processing or indirect inference systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The inclination sensor acts as an intermediary device that translates the physical state of coupling elements (vertical alignment) into measurable signals. By attaching the sensor to the coupling element, it mediates between the mechanical coupling state and the evaluation system, enabling accurate detection while keeping the overall system relatively simple.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If inclination sensors are attached to coupling elements for direct monitoring, then measurement precision improves, but ease of operation and installation complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling state monitoring reliabilityVSAvoidsensor attachment and system operation
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The inclination sensor utilizes the Earth's gravitational field as a built-in reference, eliminating the need for external calibration equipment or complex installation procedures. The sensor automatically references gravity to determine vertical alignment, making the system self-calibrating and easier to operate without requiring specialized setup procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Measurement precision

If multiple inclination sensors are provided on different coupling elements, then measurement precision and state distinction improve, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling state differentiation accuracyVSAvoidnumber of sensors required
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The inclination sensor is designed to be universally applicable to different coupling elements (bracket, spindle, handle) within the same coupling mechanism. A single sensor type can be attached to various elements depending on which provides the clearest angular change for the specific coupling configuration, reducing the need for multiple specialized sensor types while maintaining precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enables precise and efficient determination of the coupling state, reducing the risk of undesired train separations and improving operational safety by providing real-time monitoring and automatic detection of coupling states.

Implementation Method 1

inclination sensor provided on or in at least one of the coupling elements of the railway coupling... at least one measured value indicating the vertical alignment of the coupling element is recorded by at least one inclination sensor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGravitation: Gravitation

Data Source

PatentEP2145809B1Method of determining the coupling status of a railway coupling, railway coupling and assembly with a railway coupling
Publication Date: 2011.09.07 SIEMENS AG
  • EP2145809B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The method involves detecting measuring value by a tilt sensor (14) provided at coupling elements of a railway connector (10). The measuring value indicates the vertical adjustment of the coupling element. The coupling condition of the railway connector is detected from the measuring value. An independent claim is included for a railway connector, which has vertically moving coupling elements.