Railway Disc Brake Unit With Force Amplification Levers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current compact disc-brake units for railway vehicles face performance reduction and require complex, expensive mechanisms to enhance braking force, often necessitating additional components and auxiliary devices to manage wear compensation and axial displacement, leading to increased complexity and cost.

Innovation Solution

A compact disc-brake unit with integrated jaws and levers actuated by a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, featuring a dual-chamber actuator cylinder with separate pistons for service and parking brakes, and a force amplification mechanism using levers or wedges, along with clearance regulation mechanisms to maintain consistent braking performance and compensate for wear without additional devices.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If the brake unit is made compact, then the device size is reduced, but the braking performance decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebrake unit sizeVSAvoidbraking force
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a dynamic force amplification mechanism where levers and wedges convert the motion of a compact actuator cylinder into amplified braking force. The lever system with pivot points and the wedge-shaped elements create mechanical advantage, allowing a small actuator to generate sufficient braking force in a compact configuration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the physical parameters of the braking system by using a dual-chamber actuator cylinder with different piston areas. By varying the pressure and area parameters in the two chambers, the system achieves both compact size and high braking force through controlled parameter changes rather than simply increasing component size.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Force

If additional mechanisms are added to increase braking force, then the braking performance is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebraking forceVSAvoidmechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges multiple functions into a single integrated mechanism. The force amplification levers are combined with the wear compensation mechanism, where the same lever system that amplifies braking force also automatically compensates for pad wear through its mechanical design. This eliminates the need for separate auxiliary devices and reduces overall complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The actuator cylinder is designed with dual chambers that serve multiple functions: one chamber provides service braking while the other provides parking brake functionality. The same mechanical structure performs both service and parking brake operations, as well as wear compensation, reducing the need for separate components and simplifying the overall system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If separate mechanisms are used for service and parking brakes, then the braking functions are improved, but the component count increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebraking function capabilityVSAvoidcomponent count
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The dual-chamber actuator cylinder serves multiple braking functions through its two chambers. The first chamber handles service braking while the second chamber handles parking brake operations. This universal design allows a single component to perform what would traditionally require separate mechanisms, reducing the component count while maintaining full braking functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The actuator cylinder is segmented into two functional chambers, each with its own piston, allowing independent control of service and parking brake functions. This segmentation within a unified structure enables multiple braking modes without requiring completely separate mechanisms, optimizing both functionality and component efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Reliability

If wear compensation mechanisms are added, then the braking performance is maintained, but the device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebraking performance consistencyVSAvoidmechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The wear compensation mechanism operates automatically through the mechanical design of the levers and actuator cylinder without requiring external control systems or additional complexity. As the brake pads wear, the mechanical linkage automatically adjusts the clearance through the lever system, maintaining consistent braking performance through self-adjusting geometry rather than complex controlled mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides high-performance braking in both service and parking modes, reduces component count, simplifies manufacturing and maintenance, and eliminates the need for auxiliary devices, resulting in a cost-effective and compact braking system that autonomously manages wear and axial displacement.

Implementation Method 1

actuated by a braking force motor like for example a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPneumatics and hydraulics: Pascal's Law

Implementation Method 2

a pair of jaws 14, provided with relative friction gaskets 16, intended to rub on the two opposite surfaces of the disc 12

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP2047134B1Compact disc-brake unit for vehicles on rails
Publication Date: 2018.11.28 POLI COSTRUZIONE MATERIALI TRAZIONE S R L SHORTLY POLI
  • EP2047134B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2047134B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP2047134B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A disc-brake unit (10) for vehicles on rails, comprising a pair of jaws (14), provided with relative friction gaskets (16), intended to rub on a disc (12). The jaws (14) are hinged at one of the ends of a pair of levers (18), which are actuated by a braking force motor (22) provided with at least one first piston (26) that moves along an axis (A). The braking unit (10) also comprises a group (68) for automatically regulating the clearances between the friction gaskets (16) and the disc (12). The piston (26) transmits the braking force to a thrusting mechanism (48,- 48' ) inside the braking force motor (22) to amplify and transfer the force, through the group (68) and along an axis (B) perpendicular to the axis (A), to the ends of the levers (18) opposite the ends on which the jaws (14) are hinged.