Railway Track Subsection Status Control for Ghost Train Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current railway control systems, such as ETCS Level 3, face challenges in accurately monitoring and managing track occupancy, particularly when 'ghost trains' – unregistered rail vehicles – occupy sections, leading to potential hazards due to incomplete or inaccurate occupancy reports.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a method where a timer is started when a rail vehicle is granted entry to a section initially reported as free, monitoring for a position report within a waiting time. If no report is received, all subsections of the target route section are reassigned to a 'not passable or only partially passable' status, triggering safety measures like revoking entry permits and generating warnings, thereby detecting and mitigating ghost trains.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If track sections are monitored using traditional occupancy indicators, then the system is simple to operate, but ghost trains can occupy sections without detection leading to safety hazards

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoccupancy detection accuracyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides track sections into multiple virtual subsections, each with its own status indicator. This segmentation allows the system to detect occupancy at a finer granularity, enabling identification of ghost trains while maintaining manageable system complexity through modular tracking of each subsection's state.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements a feedback mechanism where the control center continuously monitors occupancy indicators and compares them against expected train positions. When discrepancies are detected (such as occupancy without corresponding train position reports), the system triggers alerts and takes corrective actions, creating a closed-loop safety mechanism that improves reliability without requiring complete system redesign.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Measurement precision

If the system waits for position reports from rail vehicles to confirm occupancy, then false occupancy detections are reduced, but response time to actual occupancy events is delayed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoccupancy status accuracyVSAvoidoccupancy detection delay
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary actions by granting entry permission to rail vehicles in advance and establishing expected position reporting timelines. When occupancy indicators change, the system has pre-established criteria to determine whether the occupancy is legitimate (matching expected train positions) or suspicious (ghost trains), enabling rapid response without waiting for detailed position reports.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies partial verification by monitoring only critical occupancy changes against expected train positions, rather than continuously verifying every position report. This selective approach maintains measurement precision for safety-critical events while minimizing time loss by avoiding excessive verification of routine occupancy transitions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Reliability

If all subsections are marked as occupied when no position report is received, then safety is improved by detecting ghost trains, but track utilization is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesafety against ghost trainsVSAvoidtrack section utilization
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies local quality by marking only the specific subsections where ghost trains are detected as occupied, rather than blocking entire track sections. This localized response maintains safety by preventing access to affected areas while preserving track utilization in unaffected subsections, allowing other trains to continue operating normally in adjacent areas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The system takes partial action by blocking only the minimum necessary track subsections to ensure safety, rather than implementing blanket restrictions on entire track sections. This approach balances safety requirements with productivity by minimizing the impact on overall track utilization while still effectively preventing ghost train hazards.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP3782870B1Method and route control centre for operating a railway track
Publication Date: 2021.09.29 SIEMENS MOBILITY GMBH
  • EP3782870B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3782870B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3782870B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates, inter alia, to a method for operating a railway line (10) which is divided into track sections (SA1, SA2, SA3) and whose track sections are monitored for occupancy or vacancy by means of technical devices, generating an occupancy signal (B(SA1), B(SA2), B(SA3)), wherein each of the track sections is divided into one or more virtual subsections (UA11-UA15, UA21-UA24, UA31-UA33), each of which is assigned a status signal describing the occupancy state of the respective subsection, wherein at least one status signal is available that designates a free, traversable subsection and is hereinafter referred to as "free", and at least one status signal is available that describes a subsection that is not traversable or only partially traversable, and wherein the railway line (10) is controlled at least also on the basis of the status signals of the subsections.According to the invention, it is provided, among other things, that a timer is started and that it is monitored whether, within a predetermined waiting time (T1) after the timer has been started, the rail vehicle (SF), to which an entry permit (EE) has been granted, sends a position report (POS) confirming entry into the target track section to a trackside control center (20), and in the event that such a position report (POS) is not received by the control center (20) within the waiting time (T1), all subsections of the target track section are assigned the status information or one of those status information which describes a subsection that is not passable or only passable to a limited extent.