Random Access Preamble Encoding for Small Data Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
In the hyper-connected society, the rapid increase in IoT devices leads to a significant number of wireless access nodes, resulting in wireless access collisions and insufficient wireless resources, particularly when using conventional random access methods for communication, which are inefficient for small data transmissions.
Innovation Solution
A new random access process is introduced, where terminals determine a transmittable message size based on a predetermined communication scheme, calculate and encode preamble and message indices using Zadoff-Chu sequences, and transmit these to the base station, allowing for efficient data transmission and collision detection, thereby optimizing resource usage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional random access method is used for small data transmissions, then communication can be established, but communication overhead becomes great
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the random access preamble transmission with small data transmission into a single uplink message. The terminal device embeds the small data directly within the random access preamble or along with it, allowing both access request and data payload to be transmitted simultaneously over the PRACH, thereby eliminating the need for separate resource allocation and reducing overall communication overhead.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables preliminary data transmission during the random access procedure itself. By allowing small data to be included in the initial random access message (Msg1), the system performs data transmission before completing the full random access handshake, effectively utilizing the access procedure as both authentication and data carrier.
2Reliability
If random access process is performed for each communication, then connection can be maintained, but resource allocation becomes insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the random access preamble serve multiple functions simultaneously. It acts as both the connection establishment request and the data transmission carrier. The uplink message structure is designed to universally handle both access control signaling and small data payload, allowing the same physical resources to fulfill multiple communication needs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic message structure where the content of the random access message can vary. The terminal can dynamically decide whether to include small data in the random access preamble based on data availability, making the resource usage flexible and adaptive to actual communication needs rather than rigidly allocating resources for every access attempt.
3Adaptability or versatility
If number of wireless access nodes increases, then network coverage expands, but wireless access collisions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the traditional random access procedure into more granular components. By allowing small data to be embedded in the preamble itself rather than requiring separate data channels, it reduces the number of collision-prone steps in the access procedure. The segmentation of message content (access request vs. data payload) within the same physical transmission reduces overall system complexity and collision probability.
Data Source
AI summary
User equipment (UE) that includes a processor and that executes a random access procedure with a base station (E-UTRAN Node B (eNodeB), also known as Evolved Node B) is provided. The UE can at least temporarily be embodied by the processor. The UE may comprise: a determination unit for determining a message size that can be transmitted and that corresponds to a physical random access channel according to an assigned communication method with the base station; a calculation unit for configuring a message to correspond to the message size and for respectively calculating a preamble index and at least one message index from the message; and an encoder for providing respective encoding of the preamble index and the at least one message index, and transmitting the same to the base station.